Of this common frequenter of our gardens four examples are depicted on Plate 80. Figs. 11 and 13 are the more frequent forms, but specimens with the central band complete, as in Fig. 12, are not uncommon. Chiefly, but by no means exclusively, in Southern localities, some examples have the ground colour almost pure white; often the wings are more or less suffused with dark grey (ab. _neapolisata_, Milliere), and this is especially the case in Scotland, where, in Aberdeenshire and in Shetland, a blackish form, ab. _thules_, Prout, occurs. Fig. 14 represents a specimen of this form from Aberdeen. Somewhat rarely, the central band is only indicated by a small spot on the front area of the wing (ab. _costovata_, Haworth), and more often the band is much narrowed or otherwise modified in the direction of that aberration. Fig. 4, Plate 61, shows an extreme example of this form. Specimens vary in size from rather under one inch to one inch and a half in expanse. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 78. 1-5. NOVEMBER MOTH. 6-8. AUTUMNAL MOTH. 9, 10. WELSH WAVE. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 79. 1, 1a. ARGENT AND SABLE: _eggs, natural size and enlarged, and caterpillar_. 2, 2a, 2b. WOOD CARPET: _caterpillar and chrysalis_. 3. GALIUM CARPET: _caterpillar_. 4. COMMON CARPET: _chrysalis_. {195} [Illustration: FIG. 4. GARDEN CARPET AT REST. (Photo by H. Main.)] The caterpillar varies in colour from dark grey through yellowish green to obscure green, but the underside is always paler; on the back there is a series of pale blotches, and some black spots on the middle rings; the head is rather paler than the general colour, and marked with black. It feeds, at night, on cabbage, horseradish, wallflower, white arabis, and many other kinds of Cruciferae; and it is said to eat the foliage of gooseberry and currant. June--October. There are certainly two broods, and possibly more, as the moths occur in greater or lesser numbers throughout the year, from late April to October, but it seems to be most plentiful in May and June, and in August and September. Generally distributed over the British Isles. It is also an inhabitant of North America. THE GALIUM CARPET (_Xanthorhoe galiata_). The more usual forms of this species are represented on Plate 81, Figs. 1, 2. Fig. 3 is the portrait of a form occurring in Yorkshire, Sussex, and probably elsewhere, in which the central band is blackish and solid-looking; this seems to be referable to _unilobata_, Haworth. Besides varying in tint of ground colour, and in the amount of freckling or mottling, there is modification in the width of the central band.