The moth is out in May and June, and sometimes July, and individuals of a second generation occasionally appear in August or September. SMALL YELLOW WAVE (_Asthena luteata_). This pretty little species (Plate 91, Figs. 2 and 4) has the pale yellowish wings marked with ochreous brown lines, which vary in thickness, and a dash of the same colour on the fore wings, from the central pair of lines to the middle of the outer margin. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 92. 1. GREY PUG: _egg and caterpillar_. 2. LIME SPECK PUG: _caterpillars_. 3. COMMON PUG: _caterpillar_. 4. NETTED PUG: _caterpillar_. 5. WHITE-SPOTTED PUG: _caterpillar_. 6. CURRANT PUG: _caterpillar_. 7. BORDERED PUG: _chrysalids_. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 93. 1, 4. LIME SPECK PUG. 2, 5, 8, 11. NETTED PUG. 7, 10. FOXGLOVE PUG. 3, 6. TOADFLAX PUG. 9. MARBLED PUG. 12. DWARF PUG. {221} The caterpillar, which feeds in August and September, on maple, and in the northern counties on alder, is green, inclining to whitish between the rings. The moth is out in June and early July, sometimes from mid May in warm localities. It is widely distributed over England and Wales, and in the southern counties of England it occurs in hedges wherever the maple grows, but in the midlands and northwards it is chiefly found among alder. In Scotland it is local and rare in Clydesdale, and is known to occur in Perthshire. Abroad, the range extends to Amurland and Japan. WAVED CARPET (_Asthena testaceata_). The typical, greyish-dusted, white form is depicted on Plate 91, Figs. 7 [male] and 9 [female]. Mr. E. R. Bankes states (_Entom._, xl. 33) that in one restricted area in mid-Kent this species varies in the direction of melanism, and he describes two forms as under: ab. _intermedia_ has the usual coloration, but the wings are thickly dusted with dusky brown, chiefly along the front edge of the fore wings, and the cross lines are more distinct than in the type. In ab. _goodwini_ all the wings have the whitish ground colour largely obscured by dusky brown powdering. The rather spindle-shaped caterpillar is purplish brown, inclining to greenish on the sides and below at each end; on the back of the middle rings are whitish V-marks, and the last three rings incline to purplish red above (adapted from Fenn). It feeds on the young leaves of alder, birch, and sallow, in July and August. The moth is out in June, and hides by day among the bushes, but may be seen occasionally {222} on tree-trunks. Its haunts are in damp woods and plantations, and it occurs in most of the English and Welsh counties, although it is rarely common, except in the south of England. In Ireland it has been noted as scarce in counties Wicklow, Kerry, Galway, and Sligo. The range abroad extends to Amurland and Japan. BLOMER'S RIVULET (_Asthena blomeri_).