On Plate 112, Fig. 5 represents a specimen of the spring brood, and Fig. 6 one of the summer brood (var. _aestiva_, Staudinger). The ground colour of the typical form is whitish, sometimes tinged with grey, and sometimes with pinkish; the patch at the tip, and the basal two-thirds of the fore wings, also the basal half of the hind wings, are purplish brown, varying almost to blackish; or they may be rich red brown. Var. _aestiva_ is rarely whitish in ground colour, but this is frequently of a pinkish tinge, and the darker portions of the wings are brownish, inclining to olive; sometimes the general colour is ochreous brown with dark brown cross lines, and a rust-coloured lunule at the tips of the fore wings. The hybrid resulting from a female of this species that had paired with a male _bilunaria_ has been named _parvilunaria_, Bastel. At the time it is laid, the egg is pale olive green, but it changes to shining reddish, and just before hatching to purplish black. (Plate 113, Fig. 1a.) [Illustration] 2 Pl. 112. 1-3. EARLY THORN. 4. LUNAR THORN. 5, 6. PURPLE THORN. 7, 8. LILAC BEAUTY. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 113. 1, 1a. PURPLE THORN: _eggs and caterpillar_. 2, 2a. LUNAR THORN: _caterpillar and chrysalis_. 3. AUGUST THORN: _caterpillar_. {277} The caterpillar is reddish brown, mottled with darker brown, and with pale greyish. It feeds on birch, alder, oak, sallow, cherry, etc.: June and July, and again in the autumn. (Plate 113, Fig. 1.) The moth is out in April and May, and the second generation emerges in July and August. A few specimens of a third generation have been reared in October, but this is unusual. The species is more or less local, and rarely common, at least in the moth state; it occurs in all the southern counties of England, and a few specimens have been recorded from some of the midland and northern counties, and from South Wales. In Scotland, only noted from Rannoch, Perthshire, and a specimen was reared on April 25, 1901, from a caterpillar found at Dunkeld, in the same county, the previous autumn. Abroad, the range extends to Amurland and Japan. LILAC BEAUTY (_Hygrochroa_ (_Pericallia_) _syringaria_).