The Mountain Chant, A Navajo Ceremony: Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 379-468Matthews, Washington
Religion
The Mountain Chant, A Navajo Ceremony: Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 379-468
Matthews, Washington
Mountainway (Navajo rite); Navajo Indians -- Rites and ceremonies
147. _Tenth dance._ At twenty minutes past three an uninteresting
performance called the “bear dance” began. A man entered on all fours;
his face was painted white; he wore around his loins and over his
shoulders pieces of some dark pelt which may have been bear skin, but
looked more like the skin of a black sheep. The fire had now burned low
and the light was dim. He was accompanied by two attendants, one of whom
carried a rattle. He went twice around the ring, imitating the lumbering
gait of the bear. He occasionally made a clumsy lunge sidewise at some
of the spectators, as though he would attack them; but on these
occasions the man with the rattle headed him off and rattling in his
face directed him back to the usual course around the fire. This show
lasted five minutes.
148. The _Eleventh dance_, was the fire dance, or fire play, which was
the most picturesque and startling of all. Some time before the actors
entered, we heard, mingled with the blowing of the buffalo horn, strange
sounds, much like the call of the sand-hill crane; they will, for
convenience, be called trumpeting. These sounds continued to grow louder
and come nearer until they were heard at the opening in the east, and in
a second after, ten men, having no more clothing on than the performers
in the first dance, entered. Every man except the leader bore a long
thick bundle of shredded cedar bark in each hand and one had two extra
bundles on his shoulders for the later use of the leader. The latter
carried four small fagots of the same material in his hands. Four times
they all danced around the fire, waving their bundles of bark towards
it. They halted in the east; the leader advanced towards the central
fire, lighted one of his fagots, and trumpeting loudly threw it to the
east over the fence of the corral. He performed a similar act at the
south, at the west, and at the north; but before the northern brand was
thrown he lighted with it the bark bundles of his comrades. As each
brand disappeared over the fence some of the spectators blew into their
hands and made a motion as if tossing some substance after the departing
flame. When the fascicles were all lighted the whole band began a wild
race around the fire. At first they kept close together and spat upon
one another some substance of supposed medicinal virtue. Soon they
scattered and ran apparently without concert, the rapid racing causing
the brands to throw out long brilliant streamers of flame over the hands
and arms of the dancers. Then they proceeded to apply the brands to
their own nude bodies and to the bodies of their comrades in front of
them, no man ever once turning round; at times the dancer struck his
victim vigorous blows with his flaming wand; again he seized the flame
as if it were a sponge and, keeping close to the one pursued, rubbed the
back of the latter for several moments, as if he were bathing him. In
the mean time the sufferer would perhaps catch up with some one in front
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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