The Movements and Habits of Climbing PlantsDarwin, Charles
Science
The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants
Darwin, Charles
Climbing plants; Geotropism; Plants; Plants -- Irritability and movements
When the _Cobæa_ grows in the open air, the wind must aid the extremely
flexible tendrils in seizing a support, for I found that a mere breath
sufficed to cause the extreme branches to catch hold by their hooks of
twigs, which they could not have reached by the revolving movement. It
might have been thought that a tendril, thus hooked by the extremity of a
single branch, could not have fairly grasped its support. But several
times I watched cases like the following: tendril caught a thin stick by
the hooks of one of its two extreme branches; though thus held by the
tip, it still tried to revolve, bowing itself to all sides, and by this
movement the other extreme branch soon caught the stick. The first
branch then loosed itself, and, arranging its hooks, again caught hold.
After a time, from the continued movement of the tendril, the hooks of a
third branch caught hold. No other branches, as the tendril then stood,
could possibly have touched the stick. But before long the upper part of
the main stem began to contract into an open spire. It thus dragged the
shoot which bore the tendril towards the stick; and as the tendril
continually tried to revolve, a fourth branch was brought into contact.
And lastly, from the spiral contraction travelling down both the main
stem and the branches, all of them, one after another, were ultimately
brought into contact with the stick. They then wound themselves round it
and round one another, until the whole tendril was tied together in an
inextricable knot. The tendrils, though at first quite flexible, after
having clasped a support for a time, become more rigid and stronger than
they were at first. Thus the plant is secured to its support in a
perfect manner.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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