“Street includes any highway (not being a turnpike road) and any public bridge (not being a county bridge), and any road, lane, footway, square, court, alley or passage, whether a thoroughfare or not” (38 & 39 Vic. c. 55, s. 4.) so that whereas in the 150th section of the Public Health Act 1875, any of the above can be dealt with, it is only open for the urban authority to deal with roads under the 146th section of the Act, and it is sometimes rather difficult to define a road for the purposes of the latter section. [151] In some districts the urban authority make an additional charge of 5 per cent. upon the total outlay to cover the cost of preliminary surveys and supervision of the work by their surveyor; this 5 per cent., however, is not paid to him, but is paid to the city treasurer, and thus becomes a set off against his salary. [152] See also 38 & 39 Vict. c. 55, s. 268, where a person who deems himself aggrieved may memorialise the Local Government Board, &c. CHAPTER XVIII. NEW STREETS AND BUILDINGS. One of the most important duties devolving upon a “town surveyor” is that of exercising control over any new streets that may be constructed, or any new buildings that may be erected, within the limits of his jurisdiction. This duty is imposed on him by the following clause of the Public Health Act 1875: “Every urban authority may make byelaws with respect to the following matters; (that is to say,) “(1.) With respect to the level, width and construction of new streets, and the provisions for the sewerage thereof; “(2.) With respect to the structure of walls, foundations, roofs, and chimneys of new buildings, for securing stability and the prevention of fires, and for purposes of health; “(3.) With respect to the sufficiency of the space about buildings to secure a free circulation of air, and with respect to the ventilation of buildings; “(4.) With respect to the drainage of buildings, to waterclosets, earth closets, privies, ashpits, and cesspools, in connexion with buildings, and to the closing of buildings or parts of buildings unfit for human habitation, and to prohibition of their use for such habitation;