The music of the spheres : $b A nature lover's astronomyGrondal, Florence Armstrong
Science
The music of the spheres : $b A nature lover's astronomy
Grondal, Florence Armstrong
Astronomy
There is still another legend which tells how the scorpion came to be a
constellation. In ancient Greece there was once a mighty hunter named
Orion. Armed with only a club, this powerful and handsome giant was able
to conquer any beast in the world but, unfortunately, he boasted so
continuously that Juno resolved to teach him a lesson. One day while he
was battling with a monster in a swamp, a poisonous scorpion
slipped up and stung him on the heel. The wound proved fatal, although
he was afterward given a constellation as if in atonement for the rather
mean advantage taken of so brave a hunter.
"The vast Orion thus he doomed to die,
And fix'd him, his proud trophy, in the sky."
--_Lucan's Pharsalia._
But the scorpion was also honored in the same way, only he travels
across the sky in the summer months while Orion is seen during the
winter. Thus the two are considerately placed so that they do not shine
above the earth in the same season.
"And so 'tis said that when the Scorpion comes
Orion flies to the utmost ends of the earth."
--_Aratus._
The constellation of the Scorpion lies southeast of Libra, the Scales,
and is the ninth and most brilliant in the zodiac. The gigantic and
clearly marked star design on his figure shows that the creature's head
and outstretched claws extend upward and toward the west; the upraised
tail, curving through the Milky Way and close to the horizon, lies south
and eastward; while his feet touch the fainter stars to the right and
left. In the vicinity of his heart lies a star so large and red and
beautiful that it was named "Antares," which means "the rival of Ares"
(the planet Mars). This star so impressed the ancient people of Greece
that they built a temple in honor of it, where they might gaze upon it
in solitude and worship it as if it were enthroned. This temple is one
of the oldest found in Greece.
Pease, with the aid of the interferometer on the great 101-inch
telescope on Mount Wilson, has measured the diameter of Antares and has
found it to be a very enormous red sun. This figure taken in connection
with the best determined value of its distance, indicates that its
diameter is _four hundred million miles_! The volume of this star is
therefore about twenty-five million times as great as the volume of our
sun. As far as we know, this is the largest star. This is surely most
interesting. We might have imagined these gloriously tinted stars as
small-sized novelties scattered about the heavens for our special
edification--certainly we did not expect to find that some of them were
so tremendously large that they would pass by our little golden orb as a
speck of incandescent sand.
[Figure 100: THE BATTLE OF ORION, THE GIANT, AND TAURUS, THE BULL.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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