The Mute Stones Speak: The Story of Archaeology in ItalyMacKendrick, Paul Lachlan
History
The Mute Stones Speak: The Story of Archaeology in Italy
MacKendrick, Paul Lachlan
Italy -- Antiquities
Across the street from the laundry a painted shop front shows the
operations of a felter’s establishment, where wool was matted together
with a fixative, under repeated manipulation and pressure, until
it acquired a consistent texture, like a piece of cloth. Felt was
in demand for caps, cloaks, slippers, and blankets (the latter for
both man and horse). The shop sign shows workmen at tables holding
the carding comb and knives of their trade. In the middle of the
picture other men, naked to the waist, are at work at shallow troughs
impregnating the wool with the coagulant (Pliny the Elder says it was
vinegar) which is being heated by a stove beneath the troughs. To
the right, the proprietor--his name was Verecundus--proudly holds up
a red-striped finished sample. To the left, Mercury, the patron of
tradesmen, is painted emerging from a Tuscan temple with a money bag
in his hand (“Hurrah for profit,” says a Pompeian _graffito_). Below
is the proprietor’s wife at a table, in spirited conversation with a
female customer who is trying on slippers. No literary discussion,
primary or secondary, can match the vivid concreteness of this
archaeological record.
The house (II.v.1–4) of Decimus Octavius Quartio (or Marcus Loreius
Tiburtinus--authorities differ about the occupant’s name) belonged
to a potter, to judge by a small kiln, with the potter’s stool and
samples of his wares, found in a workroom. This is interesting enough,
but more interesting still is this tradesman’s taste, as revealed by
his house and garden. Hardly a corner of the house is left unfrescoed,
and the paintings include two ambitious cycles; nine episodes from
the saga of Hercules, and fourteen from the _Iliad_. (The House of
the Cryptoporticus [I.vi.2–4] presents twenty-five _Iliad_ episodes
from an original 86, badly damaged when the last owner, an obvious
Babbitt, turned the cryptoporticus into a wine cellar and made over
the dining room for public use.) The potter was besides a connoisseur
of gardens; his is the most charming that Pompeii can boast. His
_impluvium_--for catching rainwater in the _atrium_ (courtyard or
patio)--is double-walled, for flower-boxes; behind the _atrium_ is
a formal flower bed, with walks around it on three sides; the chief
feature of the sunken back garden (Fig. 8.13), nearly twice the area
of the house itself, is a pair of long narrow fish pools, planned
perpendicular to each other to form a T, and trellised (Fig. 8.14) so
that vines could grow over them. The walls of the pools were painted
blue to deepen the color of the water. At one end of the crossbar
of the T is the pleasantest _al fresco_ dining alcove imaginable.
Statuettes embellish the alcove and the sides of the pool. There is a
little shrine in the alcove; another, with a fountain, where the two
pools meet; still another, with a fountain in front of it, two-thirds
of the way along the upright of the T. Putholes in the garden wall
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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