In the "Parasceve" he says:--"If all the wits of all the ages had met or
shall hereafter meet together; if the whole human race had applied or
shall hereafter apply themselves to philosophy, and the whole earth had
been or shall be nothing but academies and colleges and schools of
learned men; still without a natural and experimental history such as I
am going to prescribe, no progress worthy of the human race could have
been made or can be made in philosophy and the sciences. Whereas on the
other hand let such a history be once provided and well set forth and
let there be added to it such auxiliary and light-giving experiments as
in the very course of interpretation will present themselves or will
have to be found out; and the investigation of nature and of all
sciences will be the work of a few years. This therefore must be done or
the business given up."
To carry out this work an army of workers was required. In the
preparation of each history some were to make a rough and general
collection of facts. Their work was to be handed over to others who
would arrange the facts in order for reference. This accomplished,
others would examine to get rid of superfluities. Then would be brought
in those who would re-arrange that which was left and the history would
be completed.
From Chapter CIII. it is clear that Bacon contemplated that eventually
all the experiments of all the arts, collected and digested, _should be
brought within one man's knowledge and judgment_. This man, having a
supreme view of the whole range of subjects, would transfer experiments
of one art to another and so lead "to the discovery of many new things
of service to the life and state of man."
Nearly three hundred years have passed since Bacon propounded his
scheme. The arts and sciences have been greatly advanced. They might
have proceeded more rapidly had the histories been prepared, but since
his time there has arisen no man who has taken "all knowledge to be his
province"--no man who could occupy the position Bacon contemplated.
The method by which the induction was to be followed is described in
Chapter CV. There must be an analysis of nature by proper rejections
and exclusions, and then, after a sufficient number of negatives, a
conclusion should be arrived at from the affirmative instances. "It is
in this induction," Bacon adds, "that our chief hope lies."
Bacon's new organ has never been constructed, and all wits and
understandings have not yet been placed on a level.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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