The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and RomanceSquire, Charles
General
The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and Romance
Squire, Charles
Celts -- Folklore; Mythology, Celtic
appears in Gaelic heroic myth as Cumhal, the father of Finn, and in
British mythical history as Coel, a duke of Caer Coelvin (known earlier
as Camulodunum, and now as Colchester), who seized the crown of Britain,
and spent his short reign in a series of battles.[326] The name of the
sun-god Maponos is found alike upon altars in Gaul and Britain, and in
Welsh literature as Mabon, a follower of Arthur; while another Gaulish
sun-god, Belinus, who had a splendid temple at Bajocassos (the modern
Bayeux), though not mentioned in the earliest British mythology, as its
scattered records have come down to us, must have been connected with
Brân, for we find in Geoffrey of Monmouth’s History “King Belinus” as
brother of “King Brennius”,[327] and in the Morte Darthur “Balin” as
brother of “Balan”.[328] A second-century Greek writer gives an account
of a god of eloquence worshipped in Gaul under the name of Ogmios, and
represented as equipped like Heracles, a description which exactly
corresponds to the conception of the Gaelic Ogma, at once patron of
literature and writing and professional strong man of the Tuatha Dé
Danann. Nemetona, the war-goddess worshipped at Bath, was probably the
same as Nemon, one of Nuada’s Valkyr-wives, while a broken inscription
to _athubodva_, which probably stood, when intact, for _Cathubodva_, may
well have been addressed to the Gaulish equivalent of Badb Catha, the
“War-fury”. Lugh, or Lleu, was also widely known on the Continent as
Lugus. Three important towns—Laon, Leyden, and Lyons—were all anciently
called after him _Lugu-dunum_ (Lugus’ town), and at the last and
greatest of these a festival was still held in Roman times upon the
sun-god’s day—the first of August—which corresponded to the _Lugnassad_
(Lugh’s commemoration) held in ancient Ireland. Brigit, the Gaelic
Minerva, is also found in Britain as Brigantia, tutelary goddess of the
Brigantes, a Northern tribe, and in Eastern France as Brigindo, to whom
Iccavos, son of Oppianos, made a dedicatory offering of which there is
still record.[329]
Other, less striking agreements between the mythical divine names of the
Insular and Continental Celts might be cited. These recorded should,
however, prove sufficiently that Gaul, Gael, and Briton shared in a
common heritage of mythological names and ideas, which they separately
developed into three superficially different, but essentially similar
cults.
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Footnote 282:
Lady Guest’s _Mabinogion_, a note to _Math, the Son of Mathonwy_.
Footnote 283:
_The Story of Lludd and Llevelys._ See chap. XXIV—“The Decline and
Fall of the Gods”.
Footnote 284:
Rhys: _Hibbert Lectures_, p. 128.
Footnote 285:
See a monograph by the Right Hon. Charles Bathurst: _Roman Antiquities
in Lydney Park, Gloucestershire_.
Footnote 286:
chap. XXIV—“The Decline and Fall of the Gods”.
Footnote 287:
_Hibbert Lectures_, pp. 178, 179.
Footnote 288:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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