The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and RomanceSquire, Charles
General
The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and Romance
Squire, Charles
Celts -- Folklore; Mythology, Celtic
The Zeus of the later cycle, Emrys or Myrddin, appears in the Morte
Darthur under both his names. The word “Emrys” becomes “Bors”, and King
Bors of Gaul is made a brother of King Ban of Benwyck[488]—that is, Brân
of the Square Enclosure, the ubiquitous underworld god. Myrddin we meet
under no such disguise. The ever-popular Merlin still retains intact the
attributes of the sky-god. He remains above, and apart from all the
knights, higher even in some respects than King Arthur, to whom he
stands in much the same position as Mâth does to Gwydion in the
Mabinogi.[489] Like Mâth, he is an enchanter, and, like Mâth, too, who
could hear everything said in the world, in however low a tone, if only
the wind met it, he is practically omniscient. The account of his final
disappearance, as told in the Morte Darthur, is only a re-embellishment
of the original story, the nature-myth giving place to what novelists
call “a feminine interest”. Everyone knows how the great magician fell
into a dotage upon the “lady of the lake” whom Malory calls “Nimue”, and
Tennyson “Vivien”—both names being that of “Rhiannon” in disguise.
“Merlin would let her have no rest, but always he would be with her ...
and she was ever passing weary of him, and fain would have been
delivered of him, for she was afeard of him because he was a devil’s
son, and she could not put him away by no means. And so on a time it
happed that Merlin showed to her in a rock whereas was a great wonder,
and wrought by enchantment, that went under a great stone. So, by her
subtle working, she made Merlin to go under that stone to let her wit of
the marvels there, but she wrought so there for him that he never came
out for all the craft that he could do. And so she departed and left
Merlin.”[490]
Merlin’s living grave is still to be seen at the end of the _Val des
Fées_, in the forest of Brécilien, in Brittany. The tomb of stone is
certainly but a prosaic equivalent for the tower of woven air in which
the heaven-god went to his rest. Still, it is not quite so unpoetic as
the leather sack in which Rhiannon, the original of Nimue, caught and
imprisoned Gwawl, the earlier Merlin, like a badger in a bag.[491]
Elen, Myrddin’s consort, appears in Malory as five different “Elaines”.
Two of them are wives of the dark god, under his names of “King
Ban”[492] and “King Nentres”.[493] A third is called the daughter of
King Pellinore, a character of uncertain origin.[494] But the two most
famous are the ladies who loved Sir Launcelot—“Elaine the Fair, Elaine
the lovable, Elaine the lily maid of Astolat”,[495] and the luckier and
less scrupulous Elaine, daughter of King Pelles, and mother of Sir
Launcelot’s son, Galahad.[496]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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