The National Geographic Magazine, Vol. II., No. 2, May, 1890Various
Science
The National Geographic Magazine, Vol. II., No. 2, May, 1890
Various
Geography -- Periodicals
The people of this part of the coast call themselves _Tsau-chú_, which
is their tribal name. The similar name of another branch living near
the Anadyr River has been corrupted into the word Chuk-chi, by the
Russians, from which we derive our general name for these people.
Lauridsen says "Breden var 64° 41'" which in the American edition
stands, "the longitude (sic) was 64° 41'." But the original and all the
variants of Bering's own report make the latitude 64° 30' which is
correct. If it had been 64° 41' they would have been north of their own
position for Transfiguration Bay, from which their course had been
S.S.E., therefore the 41' is certainly erroneous.
On Bering's chart he refers to the point of the coast where the shore
changes its direction under the name _Chukotskago Noss_, which means
the promontory of the Chukchi, though this is not the same as the
Chukchi Cape of the Anadyr Cossacks, who so denominated the eastern
extreme of Asia, which they knew from report and by the voyage of
Deshneff. There can be no reasonable doubt that Bering named his cape
after the people who had described it to him, although the
imperfections of the record leave this to be inferred. Bering's map
gives the latitude of the south extreme of the cape as about 64° 02',
and it is erroneously represented as extending south of the latitude of
the northwest end of St. Lawrence Island. Its real latitude is about
fifteen miles further north. Cook made it 64° 13'. Chaplin's journal
(according to Lauridsen) makes it 64° 18', which would agree with the
latest surveys very nearly, though the coincidence must be regarded as
a happy accident in view of their imperfect tables, instruments and
methods. Bering's report places its eastern extreme in 64° 25' and
(wrongly) in the same longitude as the west end of St. Lawrence Island.
Aug. 10/21. St. Lawrence's day. The island referred to by the Chukchi
was seen and the vessel stood toward it, about two o'clock in the
afternoon. Twice, an officer with a four-oared boat was sent to
reconnoiter the coast more closely, but he saw only what appeared to be
huts without inhabitants (C). The island (of which only the northwest
hilly portion was seen, owing to the hazy weather) was named after the
patron saint of the day and the course of the vessel was changed to the
northward.
Aug. 11/22. At noon the latitude was estimated at 64° 20', and at
sunset an attempt was made by the determination of the magnetic
variation to get the longitude (L.).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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