The natives of British Central AfricaWerner, Alice
History
The natives of British Central Africa
Werner, Alice
Ethnology -- Malawi; Malawi -- Description and travel; Malawi -- Social conditions
The Spider, who on the Guinea Coast is the principal figure in the
animal stories, is, so far as I know, almost absent from Bantu folk-lore.
One exception I have already referred to, in a Yao creation-myth; in
another Yao tale he crosses a stream and makes a bridge for a chief to
escape from his enemies. Here, however, he does not take a specially
prominent part, being only one of four helpers provided by the spirit
of the chief’s elder brother. The Spider is very prominent in the
folk-lore of the Duala, who have probably borrowed him from their western
neighbours.
We have mentioned that the natives see nothing strange in men assuming
the forms of animals—they believe that it happens every day. Their
stories give us many instances of the converse process—animals taking
human shape whenever it suits them. Thus a girl marries a lion who has
turned himself into a man, and, finding out his real nature, runs away
from him. Another I give as I have it written down.
‘A person (a girl) refused (all) men; there came a baboon; he took off
the skin from his body and was turned into a man. The Angoni woman
married the baboon, and he hoed the crops, and his companions came from
the Bush and ate the crops of his mother-in-law’s garden, and (so) he
went (with them) into the Bush.’
But a better example still is that of the ‘Girl and the Hyena,’ which
Mr. Macdonald thinks is intended as a warning to girls not to be too
fastidious in their choice of husbands, and to accept those first
suggested to them, lest worse befall. It might equally well be a warning
against marrying a stranger from a distance, and certainly shows the tie
between brother and sister in a very pleasing light. Here it is, as told
me by Katembo at Blantyre.
‘There was a woman who refused all husbands, and at last there came a
hyena, and she said, “I want this one.” (So they were married), and the
husband said, “My wife, let us go home.” Her brother, who had sore eyes,
followed after them, and she (saw him and) said, “Where are you going?”
The brother crouched down and hid in the grass, and when they were out
of sight he followed them again, till he came to the village. When his
sister found he was there, she hid him in the hen-coop. When it was quite
dark, a number of hyenas came outside the hut and sang:
“Here is meat, we will eat it; but it is not fat enough yet.”
‘The girl was asleep, but her brother heard them, and as soon as it was
light he went and told her that they meant to eat her. She would not
believe it, so he told her to tie a string to her little finger that
night before she went to sleep, and leave the end outside the hut, so
that he could take it with him into the chicken-house. In the middle of
the night the hyenas came again, and, when he heard them, he pulled the
string and woke his sister; so she, too, heard them singing:
“Here is meat, we will eat it; but it is not fat enough yet.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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