[33] ‘The chief may often have less influence than powerful head-men, and we have known cases where he contented himself with grumbling when his head-men acted contrary to his desire; and in many criminal trials he is eclipsed by the sorcerers and pounders of poison’ (_Africana_, i. 155). BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS MADE USE OF IN THE FOREGOING PAGES LIVINGSTONE, DAVID, _Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambezi and its Tributaries, and of the Discovery of Lakes Shirwa and Nyassa_, 1858-1864. London, John Murray, 1865. (Original unabridged edition.) ROWLEY, Rev. HENRY, _Story of the Universities’ Mission to Central Africa_. London, 1866. MACDONALD, Rev. DUFF, _Africana_, 2 vols. London, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., 1882. JOHNSTON, Sir H. H., K.C.B., _British Central Africa_. London, Methuen, 1897. SCOTT, Rev. D. C., _Cyclopædic Dictionary of the Mang’anja Language_. Edinburgh, Blackwood, 1892. BARNES, Rev. H. B. (U.M.C.A.), _Nyanja-English Vocabulary_. London, S.P.C.K., 1902. _Occasional Papers for Nyasaland_ (Likoma, 1893), afterwards _The Nyasa News_ (Likoma, 1893-95). This periodical contains a large amount of exceedingly valuable information. Some use has also been made of two other magazines—_Life and Work in Central Africa_ (Blantyre), and _The Aurora_ (Livingstonia Mission, Bandawe). ADDENDA I. P. 74-5.—The Spider absent from Bantu folk-lore. This statement requires some modification. Since writing the above, I have examined a number of Duala animal-stories collected by Herr Wilhelm Lederbogen, formerly of the Government School at Kamerun. The Duala are the most north-westerly Bantu tribe, and have probably borrowed some of their folk-lore from their Efik neighbours. As in most of the West Coast stories, moreover, the place of the Hare is taken by a small species of antelope, to which the English-speaking natives of Sierra Leone have, for some occult reason, given the name of Cunnie Rabbit. (It is curious that a Duala native, when telling a story in German, also called the creature a hare, but explained that ‘it is not like [the hares] here, but has little horns.’—See Elli Meinhof, _Märchen aus Kamerun_.) Mr. Dennett also gives a Lower Congo story of ‘How the Spider won and lost Nzambi’s Daughter.’—(See _Folk-lore of the Fjort_.) II. P. 155-6.—This mode of burying those who have died of smallpox is not invariable, or else the practice has been modified of late years. A more recent native account says: ‘In this case a small reed is stuck into the side of the grave. Along this reed the disease will creep and so escape from the body into the open air. For they say that if they do not thus allow the disease to escape, “they will only plant the disease in the ground, and epidemics will be frequent.”’