The natives of British Central AfricaWerner, Alice
History
The natives of British Central Africa
Werner, Alice
Ethnology -- Malawi; Malawi -- Description and travel; Malawi -- Social conditions
This district lies between the Kirk Mountains on the west and the Zomba
range on the east, and the part I am thinking of is a fertile plain,
slightly undulating in parts and crossed by two good-sized streams, which
slopes down from the western mountains to the river. As you look from
the hill on which our house stood, you see a wide level—green during
the rains, yellow when the grass is dry, with patches of bush here and
there and one grove of great trees plainly in sight—the _nkalango_,
where the dead are buried. Here and there, dotted about the plain, are
little groups of huts, several of which, taken together, may be held to
constitute a village. Each group, as a rule, contains one family (_i.e._
husband and wife or wives with their children), and is enclosed in a
stout fence of grass and reeds, woven as closely as matting, and tall
enough to keep any ordinary wild beast from leaping over. There is a door
to this enclosure, but, not being on hinges, it is usually invisible in
the daytime, as the people take it down, and, as often as not, lay it on
some short posts fixed in the ground, and use it as a table, on which
they can spread out grain or other things to dry. At night the door is
fastened by cross-bars, and perhaps thorn-bushes are stuck in at the
sides to give additional security.
Inside the enclosure stand the round huts, with their conical thatched
roofs—three, four, or more, according to the number of the family.
Between them are the corn-bins, called _nkokwe_—in a small enclosure only
one, or perhaps two. In the picture, which is that of a Yao village near
Domasi, several of these _nkokwe_ are to be seen—one with the top off—but
they do not look as neat as one often sees them. They are like huge round
baskets, woven of split bamboo, seven or eight feet high, without top or
bottom, raised from the ground on a low platform roughly floored with
small logs, and covered with a conical roof like those of the huts, but
not fastened down, so that it can be tilted up by means of a stick, or
taken off altogether when corn is wanted. They are reached by a primitive
ladder made of two poles, and cross-pieces lashed between them with bark.
This Yao village is in several ways different from the one I am
describing. It is larger, and, being in a more settled district, not
enclosed in a fence, though some of the huts may have a semicircular one
before the door, to screen it from the wind. The houses, too, are many of
them square, a fashion introduced, in some places by Europeans, in others
by coast people.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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