The natives of British Central AfricaWerner, Alice
History
The natives of British Central Africa
Werner, Alice
Ethnology -- Malawi; Malawi -- Description and travel; Malawi -- Social conditions
The girls’ _unyago_ lasts a month. They go out to the bush with their
instructresses, the head-woman (who gets a fee in calico for each
candidate) being called ‘the cook of the mysteries.’ They are instructed
in house-building, making pots, cooking, and other duties of married
life, and put through a regular drill in these and other things, such
as pounding corn, carrying water, etc., which they have probably done
often enough before. They also go (symbolically, of course) through the
whole round of agricultural operations, pretending to sow the grain,
then hoeing, weeding, and reaping. The old women give them advice as
to housekeeping and the duties of married life, and warn them of the
penalties which await them if unfaithful to their husbands. They are
anointed with oil, mixed with certain ‘medicines,’ their heads are
shaved, and they are dressed in bark-cloth, which is now almost disused
in everyday life. Towards the close of the ceremony, the roof of a
house—or a skeleton model of one—is put over the heads of, say, ten at a
time, and they have to carry it about. This is supposed to be symbolical
of their position as pillars of the home. They are not allowed to leave
the scene of the mysteries till everything is over; and, as in the case
of the boys, no one not taking part is permitted to approach; while
sticks are laid in a peculiar way on the path leading to the place, to
show that it is barred. Some friends of mine once met the band of girls
leaving for home, ‘all freshly anointed and dripping with oil,’ and soon
came to the deserted encampment, with grass sheds built round three sides
of a square, and divided into small compartments in which the girls had
been sleeping. In the middle of the square were traces of pots having
been made, and _ufa_ pounded.
The whole proceeding is called ‘being danced.’ The Yaos ‘dance’ girls
very young—mere children of seven or eight sometimes—and, from what I
have seen, I should say, personally, that they were not improved by the
process. But the Yao practice cannot be regarded as typical, as there is
reason to believe that it has been modified by the influence of the coast
people.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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