The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 6 (of 6)Pliny, the Elder
History
The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 6 (of 6)
Pliny, the Elder
Natural history -- Pre-Linnean works
Next in rank among the objects of luxury, we have amber;[2953]
an article which, for the present, however, is in request among
women[2954] only. All these three last-mentioned substances hold the
same rank, no doubt, as precious stones; the two former for certain
fair reasons; crystal, because it is adapted for taking cool drinks,
and murrhine vessels, for taking drinks that are either hot or cold.
But as for amber, luxury has not been able, as yet, to devise any
justification for the use of it. This is a subject which affords us
an excellent opportunity of exposing some of the frivolities and
falsehoods of the Greeks; and I beg that my readers will only have
patience with me while I do so, it being really worth while, for our
own practical improvement, to become acquainted with the marvellous
stories which they have promulgated respecting amber.
After Phaëthon had been struck by lightning, his sisters, they tell
us, became changed into poplars,[2955] which every year shed their
tears upon the banks of the Eridanus, a river known to us as the
“Padus.” To these tears was given the name of “electrum,”[2956] from
the circumstance that the Sun was usually called “elector.” Such is
the story, at all events, that is told by many of the poets, the first
of whom were, in my opinion, Æschylus, Philoxenus, Euripides, Satyrus,
and Nicander; and the falsity of which is abundantly proved upon the
testimony of Italy itself.[2957] Those among the Greeks who have
devoted more attention to the subject, have spoken of certain islands
in the Adriatic Sea, known as the “Electrides,” and to which the
Padus,[2958] they say, carries down electrum. It is the fact, however,
that there never were any islands there so called, nor, indeed, any
islands so situate as to allow of the Padus carrying down anything
in its course to their shores. As to Æschylus placing the Eridanus
in Iberia, or, in other words, in Spain, and giving it the name of
Rhodanus; and as to Euripides and Apollonius representing the Rhodanus
and the Padus as discharging themselves by one common mouth on the
shores of the Adriatic; we can forgive them all the more readily for
knowing nothing about amber when they betray such monstrous ignorance
of geography.
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