_Religion._--Paganism. _Social and physical development._--Maritime habits rare and partial. Industrial arts limited. Foreign influences of all sorts inconsiderable. _Divisions._--1. The Papua Branch. 2. The Australian Branch. 3. The Tasmanian Branch(?). The first question which may present itself to the reader is one as to the difference between the tribes that are now about to be described as Kelænonesian, and those which have already been described as _Blacks of the Malay area_. Both are really Negrito; and it has already been stated that both may be called so. The answer is--that _Negrito_ is an ethnological, _Kelænonesian_, a geographical term. The first denotes black, or Black-like oceanic tribes _wherever found_; the latter black or Black-like tribes when found in definite areas, wherein they form the bulk of the population. Thus, in Amphinesia the Negrito is exceptional, in Kelænonesia normal, and _vice versâ_. THE PAPUA BRANCH OF THE KELÆNONESIAN STOCK. _Latitude._--Southern tropic. _Area._--The islands off the north-west corner of New Guinea(?), New Guinea, New Britannia, New Ireland, Admiralty Isles, Louisiade, Solomon's Isles, Vanikoro(?), New Hebrides, New Caledonia, The Fiji Archipelago(?). _Direction._--South-east from New Guinea. _Physical conformation._--Kelænonesians with crisp, curly, frizzy, and woolly(?) rather than straight hair. _Probable origin._--North-eastern Protonesia. Whether we take the Protonesian islands in the line from Timor to Moa, Sermatty, Timorlaut, the Keys, and the Arrus, or begin with the Northern Moluccas, Gilolo, and Morty, we equally reach the great island of New Guinea; and in each case the ethnological change coincides with the geographical one. THE ARRU ISLES. _Extract from Mr. Earle._--"I do not here" (_i.e._, in the Timor group), "include the Arru isles, for _there_ I have no doubt a considerable mixture of Papuan will be found." The probable source, however, of the Papuan population must be sought for in the parts about Gilolo. Here the distinction between those islands which constitute the more eastern and northern portions of the Moluccas, and those which are considered to belong to New Guinea, is difficult to be drawn. In Guebé, for instance, the natives are described by M. Freycinet as having flat noses and projecting lips. To this it may be added, that their colour is dark. On the other hand, however, the facial angle is from ten to twelve degrees higher than that of the Negrito of New Guinea. Mr. Crawford, who rarely either overlooks or undervalues physical distinctions, adopts Freycinet's notice as descriptive of a second variety of the true Malay type, and suggests the likelihood of there being an intermediate race between the lank and the woolly-haired families.