Arteries, in old age, 237 Asceticism, 11 Atrophy, in old age, 238 Aurelius, Marcus, on death, 172,174, 262 on immortality, 172 Renan on, 174 Bacon, on failure of philosophy, 203 on lengthening life, 257 Bacteria of the intestines, 248, 249 Baobab-tree, age of, 266 Baudelaire, on death, 288 Baumann, on microbes in intestines, 251 Beetles, as food of wasp larvæ, 28, 29 Behring, von, on diphtheria, 211 Benares, Buddha’s sermon at, 154 Bert, Paul, on treatment of the aged, 130 Bible, old age in, 280 Bienstock, on harmful microbes, 256 on intestinal putrefaction, 255 Birds, absence of large intestine in, 252 age of, 232 Bischoff, on reproductive organs of apes, 81 Blindness, of infants, how prevented, 211 Blood, experiments on serum of, 52, 53 Blood corpuscles, specific sensibility of, 160 Boas, on cancer, 215 Bones, in old age, 237, 243 Bordet, on cytotoxic serums, 245 Botulism (“sausage-disease”), microbe of, 257 Brain, invasion of macrophags (figure), 241 Brunetière, on failure of science, 218 Buddha, contempt of women, 9 death of, 158 on disease, 154 on fear of death, 153 on immortality, 147 Buddha, on Nirvâna, 158 on old age, 154 on renunciation, 154 sermon at Benares, 154 on sorrows of existence, 205 Buddhism, and celibacy, 163 and fear of death, 119 and future life, 144 and immortality, 147, 148 and pessimism, 176, 177 Büchner, on Buddhism, 144 on morality, 107 on science, 219 Burial, of the old, alive, 152 Bütschli, on immortality of protozoa, 264 Byron, on fear of death, 177 on instinctive nature of fear of death, 128 on pessimism, 177 Cæcum, absence of, in birds, 253 of chimpanzee (figure), 45 and disease, 69 of man (figure), 44 of man and apes, compared, 44 of monkeys, 67 Çakya-Mouni, discovers death and disease, 119, 120 Calkins, on degeneration of infusoria, 232 Cancer, in alimentary canal, 73, 74 modern science and, 213, 214 Casimir, sacrifices at burial of, 141 Castration, Hartmann on, 183 _Catasetum_, disharmony in, 30 _Catasetum saccatum_ (figure), 24 Caterpillars and cocoons, 33 Celibacy, 12, 13, 163 Cellulose, digestion of, 252 Centenarians, Lankester on, 259 Lejoncourt on, 280 _Cerceris_, figure of, 28 _Chætogaster_, vegetative reproduction of (figure), 265 Chemotaxis, of sexual cells, 268 Childbirth, ages of women at, 93 pains of, 92 Chinese, ancestor-worship among, 144 belief in immortality, 145 Buddhists, views on future life, 149 laws against, 109 Christianity, and asceticism, 11 and continence, 163 influence of, on art, 13 and human nature, 7, 10 Chromophags, in blanching of hairs, 243 Cicero, on death, 169, 263 on future life, 169 Civilisation, and progress, 292 Cocoons, formation of, 33 Confucius, on ancestor-worship, 145, 146 Conjugation, and immortality, 264 Connective tissue, in old age, 236, 238