Suicide, increase of, 4 of the old, 131 Schopenhauer, Hartmann, and Mailaender on, 190 Supernaturalism, modern craving for, 222 Survival after death, widespread belief in, 149 Sutherland, on morality of expropriation, 109, 296 Syphilis, absence of reference to in Bible, 260 resistance to effects of, 256 and sclerosis, 247 Tadpoles, reared without microbes, 249 Taine, on Christian art, 14 Tait, Lawson, on cysts, 80 Talmud, on paradise, 143 Taoism, and immortality, 146 Teeth, disharmonies of, 63, 64 of man and apes, 41 wisdom, 64 Telepathy, no argument for future life, 161 Tetanus, microbes of, 256 Thanatology, science of death, 297 Thierfelder, and Nuttall, on germ-free guinea-pigs, 249 Tissier, on intestinal putrefaction, 255 Tokarsky, on fear of death, 125, 279 Tolstoi, on fear of death, 115, 122, 299 on failure of science, 217, 223 return to religion, 223, 224 Tombs, burial of weapons and implements, 139 Transfusion of blood serum, 51 Transmigration of souls, in Buddhism, 157 of souls, Jewish belief in, 144 Trees, death of, 265 Tuberculosis, modern science and, 212 Tylor, on ancestor-worship, 150 on animism, 138 Uhlenhuth, on injection of serums, 53 Vanilla, cultivation of, 19 fertilisation of, 20 Vaccination, 301 Vermiform appendage and disease, 66, 68 of man and apes, 44 Virginity, historical importance of, 83, 84 Waitz-Gerland, on primitive customs, 139 Weapons, burial with dead, 139 Weismann, on origin of death, 266 on immortality of protozoa, 264 Wiedersheim, on human characters, 59 Will to live, Mailaender on, 189 Schopenhauer on, 182 Wisdom teeth, degeneration of, 64, 65 Women, views of Buddha on, 9 Wounds, modern success in healing of, 210 Xenocrates, 5 Youth, absence of fear of death, 116, 117 and excesses, 116 ideals of, 263 and pessimism, 117 Zola, on death, 225 on fear of death, 121 Zulu, ancestor-worship, 151 ----- Footnote 1: Since A. Wagner’s classical work, “Ueber die Gesetzmässigkeit der scheinbar wilkürlichen menschlichen Handlungen,” suicide has been discussed by many authors. The most recent contribution to the subject is the important monograph by Westergaard, “Die Lehre von der Mortalitæt u. Morbiditæt,” Second Edition, Jena, 1901. Footnote 2: Shaving the beard began at the time of the Macedonian rule, and philosophers refrained from the new custom, which seemed to them unprincipled. (V. Hermann, “Lehrbuch der griechischen Privatalterthümer,” 1870, vol. I., pp. 175–177.) Footnote 3: Quetelet, “Anthropomètrie,” 1872, p. 86. Footnote 4: Zeller, “Die Philosophie der Griechen,” Third Edition, vol. II. 1, p. 741, 1875. Footnote 5: Zeller, _l.c._ p. 880. Footnote 6: Zeller, vol. II., 2, p. 447. Footnote 7: Zeller, First Edition, vol. III., 7, p. 193. Footnote 8: Zeller, _l.c._ p. 401. Footnote 9: “De Vita Beata,” chap. viii.