LII. _Narycos_, or more properly _Naryx_, was a town of the Opuntian Locri in Greece. Virgil follows the tradition that they went and settled in the south of Italy at the close of the Trojan war. The 'Sallentinian plain' was the land bordering on the Tarentine Gulf, and 'Petelia' was on the east coast of Bruttium, and had been founded by Philoctetes, after he had been expelled from Thessaly. LV. _Scylla_ and _Charybdis_ are taken from Homer. The former was a terrible sea-monster with six heads, and the latter a whirlpool. Tradition fixed their abode as the Straits of Messina. Scylla dwelt in a cave on the Italian side, Charybdis on the Sicilian. LX. Dodona, in Epirus, was one of the famous oracles in Greece. LXVIII. The place was called 'Castrum Minervae,' and lay a few miles to the north of the southern extremity of Calabria. LXXII. The Cyclops were placed by Virgil on the slopes of Aetna. LXXIV. _Enceladus_ was one of the giants who had fought against the gods, but Jupiter struck him down with a thunderbolt and buried him under Mount Aetna. LXXXVII. _Pelorus_ was the most northerly headland of the Straits of Messina. LXXXVIII. _Plemmyrium_ ('the place of the tides') is the headland near the harbour of Syracuse, which was built on the island of Ortygia. The legend which Virgil refers to relates that Alpheus, the god of a river in Elis, fell in love with the nymph Arethusa while she was bathing in his waters. Diana changed her into a stream, and in that guise she fled from Alpheus under land and sea, finally issuing forth in Ortygia. Alpheus pursued her, and mingled his waters with hers. NOTES TO BOOK FOUR VIII. '_Sire Lyaeus:_' Bacchus. These gods are mentioned in this place as having to do with marriage--possibly they are invoked as being specially the gods of Carthage. XV. The name 'Titan' as applied to the sun is curious. Perhaps it is a reference to the Greek tale that Hyperion, one of the Titans, was the father of the sun. XIX. The _Agathyrsians_ were a Scythian tribe, and the _Dryopes_ were a Thessalian people who dwelt on Mount Parnassus, the especial home of Apollo; Cynthus is a mountain in Delos. XXVI. 'Ammon' was the African Jupiter. XXIX. The 'Zephyrs' were the south-west winds, and so the right ones to take the fleet of Aeneas to Italy from Carthage. XXXII. Atlas was the giant who held apart heaven and earth. Virgil identifies him with the mountains which lie in North Africa between the sea and the desert of Sahara. Atlas was the father of Maia, the mother of Mercury. The latter is called 'Cyllenius' from his birth-place, Mount Cyllene in Arcadia. XXXVIII. Mount Cithaeron, near Thebes, was famous for the revels which took place there in honour of Bacchus. XLIV. Phoebus (Apollo) is called 'Grynoeus' from Grynium, a city of Aeolis in Asia Minor. He was much worshipped in Lycia, hence his oracles are often called 'Lycian lots.' LV. It was at Aulis in Boeotia that the Greek expedition against Troy mustered.