CXIII. Cato was the famous censor of 184 B.C. who vainly tried to check the growth of luxury at Rome. Cossus killed the king of Veii in 426 B.C. The two Gracchi were great political reformers. The elder Scipio defeated Hannibal at Zama in 202 B.C., and his son took Carthage in 146 B.C. Fabricius was the general who fought against Pyrrhus, when the latter invaded Italy in 281-75 B.C. Serranus was a general in the first Punic war. The Fabii of renown are so many that Anchises only mentions the most famous of them, Q. Fabius Maximus Cunctator, the general against Hannibal. CXV. Marcus Marcellus was a Roman general in the first Punic war. CXVI. Marcellus was the son of the Emperor's sister Octavia, and at the age of 18 he married Augustus' daughter Julia. He was a youth of great promise, and was destined to succeed his father-in-law, but he died of fever at the age of 20 in 23 B.C., amidst universal grief. NOTES TO BOOK SEVEN I. 'Thou too, Caieta,' that is to say, as well as Misenus and Palinurus, mentioned in the last book. Caieta gave her name to the town and promontory which were on the confines of Latium and Campania. II. 'The coast, where Circe'--Virgil identifies 'the island of Aeaea,' the dwelling-place of Circe in Homer, with the promontory of Circeii in Italy. VI. 'Say, Erato:' Erato was the Muse of Love, and the invocation is not specially appropriate in this place. But the line is an imitation of Apollonius Rhodius iii, 1. 'Ausonia,' a poetical name for Italy. The _Ausones_ were early inhabitants of Campania. VII. _Latinus_ was king of the Latins, a small tribe whose chief town was Laurentum. _Faunus_ a god of the fields and cattle-keepers, was afterwards identified with the Greek Pan. _Picus_ was a prophetic god. We are told by Ovid that he was changed into a woodpecker (_picus_) by Circe, whose love he had slighted. _Saturnus_ was the old Latin god of sowing, and was later identified with the Greek Kronos, father of Zeus. XII. 'Albunea': apparently refers to a wooded hill with a sulphur spring. Probably it refers to a shrine near some sulphur springs at Altieri, near Laurentum. 'Oenotria': originally the southern part of Lucania and Bruttium, but Virgil uses it poetically for the whole of Italy. XIII. See note on Book VI. stanzas xvi. and xviii. XVI. It was not Anchises, but a Harpy who delivered this prophecy. See Book VIII. stanza xxix. This, and other slight inconsistencies in the _Aeneid_ are undoubtedly due to the fact that Virgil died before he had revised the poem. XVIII. 'Phrygia's Mother' was Cybele, the Phrygian goddess. XXIV. 'Two-faced Janus.' Janus was an old Latin deity, god of the morning and of gateways. He was represented as 'two-faced,' looking before and behind. There was a double archway in the forum, called _Janus_, which was closed in times of peace, but opened in time of war. See stanzas lxxxi., lxxxii. XXVIII. The Auruncans were a tribe living in Campania.