The New Forest: Its History and Its SceneryWise, John R. (John Richard)
History
The New Forest: Its History and Its Scenery
Wise, John R. (John Richard)
New Forest (England : Forest)
But to return to the town. Its Old-English names, Tweonea and
Twinham-burn, were given to it from its situation between the rivers
Avon and Stour. They were afterwards corrupted into the Norman Thuinam;
which was lost in the name of its Priory, overshadowing the town with
its magnificence.
Here, in 901, came Æthelwald the Ætheling, son of Æthered, in his
rebellion against his cousin Edward the Elder, and seized the place.
From Christchurch he fell back upon Wimborne, which he fortified,
exclaiming he would do one of two things, “Either there live, or there
lie.” That same night he fled to Northumberland.[159]
From _Domesday_ we find that its manor was held in demesne by the
Conqueror, as also by Edward the Confessor, with a mill renting for
5_s._, whilst another, belonging to the Church, was worth but 30_d._,
and that thirty-one tenements in the borough paid a rent of 16_d._ Its
woods, only, were inclosed in the Forest.
The manor remained in the hands of the Crown till Henry I. bestowed it
on his friend and kinsman Richard de Redvers, Earl of Devon, the ruins
of whose castle still overlook the Avon. Here his son Baldwin de Redvers
in vain fortified himself against Stephen. Here, too, lived his grandson
William de Vernon, who helped to bear the canopy at Richard’s second
coronation at Winchester. Afterwards, the manor passed into the hands of
Isabella de Fortibus, who, on her death-bed, sold it, with all her
possessions, to Edward I., who well knew the value of such a stronghold.
Though Edward II. bestowed the estate on Sir William Montacute, yet the
castle still remained in the hands of the Crown.
It was standing, though no longer a fortification, in the Commonwealth
period. Nothing, however, now remains but the mere shell of the keep,
whose walls are in places four yards thick.[160]
Below it stands what was, perhaps, the house of Baldwin de Redvers, also
in ruins, and roofless, but still a capital specimen of what is so
rarely seen, the true domestic architecture of the twelfth century. Like
all the other remaining houses of this period, it is a simple oblong,
seventy-one feet by twenty-four broad, and only two stories high, placed
for defence on a branch of the Avon, which serves as a moat. On the
south-east it is flanked by a small attached tower, now in ruins, under
which the stream flows. The ground floor was divided in half by a wall,
whilst the outer walls, thicker on the east and south sides, where more
exposed to attacks than on the north and west, are pierced with
deeply-splayed loopholes looking out on the stream. On this side was the
hall, where lord, and guest, and serf, alike ate and drank, and slept on
the floor. The other western half was divided into chambers and cellars,
the kitchen probably standing in the courtyard.
[Illustration: The Norman House.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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