The New Forest: Its History and Its SceneryWise, John R. (John Richard)
History
The New Forest: Its History and Its Scenery
Wise, John R. (John Richard)
New Forest (England : Forest)
The word was doubtless in the first place an onomatopoieia, denoting the
humming, buzzing sound of wings. Since, however, it was particularly
connected with birds, it seems to have been used in the sense of music
and song by our Elizabethan poets, and by Milton. Thus:—
“Sweet is the breath of morn, her rising sweet
With charm of earliest birds.”
(_Paradise Lost_, Book iv. 642.)
And again:—
“Morn when she ascends
With charm of earliest birds.”
(_Paradise Lost_, Book iv. 651.)
Here, however, in the New Forest, we find the original signification of
the word preserved.
Let us further notice one or two more words, which are used by Milton
and his contemporaries, and even much later, but which are now found in
the Forest, and doubtless elsewhere, as mere provincialisms. Thus,
though we do not meet his “tale,” in the sense of number, as in
_L’Allegro_,—
“And every shepherd tells his tale,
Under the hawthorn in the dale;”
—that is, number of sheep: we find its allied word “toll,” to count. “I
toll ten cows,” is no very uncommon expression. Then, too, we have the
word “tole,” used, as I believe it still is in America, of enticing
animals, and thus metaphorically applied to other matters. So, in this
last sense, Milton speaks of the title of a book, “Hung out like a
toling sign-post to call passengers.”[232]
Again, too, the bat is here called “rere-mouse” (from the Old-English
_hrere-mus_, from _hreran_ to flutter, literally the fluttering mouse,
the exact equivalent of the German Flitter-maus[233]), with its
varieties rennie-mouse and reiny-mouse,[234] whilst the adjective “rere”
is sometimes used, as in Wiltshire, for raw. On the other hand, the word
fliddermouse, or, as in the eastern division of Sussex, flindermouse
(from the High-German _fledermaus_), does not, to my knowledge, occur.
In the Midland counties it is often known as “leathern wings” (compare
_ledermus_); and thus, Shakspeare, with his large vocabulary, using up
every phrase and metaphor which he ever met, makes Titania say of her
fairies:—
“Some war with rear-mice for their leathern wings.”
(_Midsummer Night’s Dream_, Act ii., sc. 3.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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