(5) Instruction in public schools, with some exceptions, remains religious. The most serious disputes arose over this point. Undoubtedly obvious progress has been realized by withdrawing the public school from the local supervision of members of the clergy; and by making hereafter public instruction as a whole subject to the inclusive control of the State. Municipalities may in addition be summoned to participate in this supervision. This will permit future educational laws of the Reich and administrative laws of the States to give the municipality a share in supervising the instruction--not only over the work of the schools but also over the spirit in which it is carried on. Even parents will be allowed the right to co-operate in it and teachers will be given a voice in the management. The supervision of the schools on the part of the Reich will be hereafter solely by civil servants, who will have this as their principal function and who will be especially appointed for this purpose. But the principal question was whether the public school, even when supervised by the State, should be neutral or whether it should remain religious in teaching. Three systems were submitted. One was the system of the secular school, where no religious instruction is given. Another was the mixed school, where children of all religious faiths are admitted without distinction and where the parents indicate whether they wish their children to receive religious instruction, and if so, what. The third was the denominational system, properly so-called, in which the public school is specialized by religious denominations, each denomination having its own school where the child receives the religious instruction of its denomination. The discussions on this question went through three successive phases. At first there was some agreement on a plan according to which schools would be mixed, in theory, but the denominational school, properly so-called, would not be completely excluded; for the law could admit, on the proposition of parents, the creation of schools in which only the children of a single denomination would be received.