Germany -- History -- Revolution, 1918; Germany -- Politics and government -- 1918-1933
(4) In order to exclude export premiums or to safeguard important
social interests.
ARTICLE 12.
As long as, and in so far as, the Realm makes no use of its rights of
legislation, the Lands retain the right of legislating. This does not
apply to legislation which belongs to the Realm exclusively.
The Government of the Realm has the right of veto against any
legislation of the Lands which affects the provisions of Number 13 of
Article 7, in so far as the interests of the whole community of the
Realm are thereby affected.
ARTICLE 13.
Law of the Realm prevails against law of the Lands.
Should any doubt or difficulty arise as to whether an act of the Land
legislature is compatible with the law of the Realm, the competent
authorities of the Realm or Land may appeal to the decision of a
Supreme National Court of Judicature; as may be subsequently
determined by an act of the Realm.
ARTICLE 14.
Acts of the Realm are administered by authorities of the Lands except
in so far as may be otherwise determined by acts of the Realm.
ARTICLE 15.
The Government of the Realm has the right of supervision over those
matters in which it has the right of legislation.
The Government of the Realm may lay down general directions where acts
of the Realm are administered by the authorities of the Lands. It may
send commissioners to the authorities of the Lands, and with their
concurrence to subordinate authorities in order to supervise the
execution of the acts of the Realm.
The Land Governments are bound to remedy, on demand of the Government
of the Realm, any deficiencies which may have appeared in the course
of executing the acts of the Realm. In cases of dispute, both National
Government of the Realm and Governments of the Lands may appeal to the
decision of a Supreme Court of Judicature, except where an act of the
Realm declares another court to be competent.
ARTICLE 16.
Officials directly charged with administrative affairs of the Realm in
any Land shall, as a rule, be citizens of that Land. Officials,
employees, and workers in the employ of the Realm shall, if they so
desire, be employed within their home Land, in so far as this is
possible, and in so far as the requirements of the service or of their
training are not prejudiced.
ARTICLE 17.
Every Land must have a liberal constitution.[14] The Representative
Body must be elected by universal, equal, direct, and secret suffrage
by all nationals of either sex, on the system of proportional
representation.[15] The Government of the Lands must have the
confidence of the Representative Body.[16]
The principles laid down for the election of the Representative Body
apply also to the elections to Local Bodies. Nevertheless, Land
legislation may require, as an elector's qualification, domicile
within the locality not exceeding one year.[17]
ARTICLE 18.[18]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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