"Adopted and adapted the sign for his standards, and the _Labarum_ of Constantine became a common Christian symbol. That there was policy in his conduct we can hardly doubt; the symbol he set up gratified the Christians in his army on one side and the Gauls on the other. For the former it was a sign compounded of the initial letters of Christ, to the latter it was the token of the favour of the solar deity."[53] As the fact that both the {image "monogram3.gif"} and {image "monogram4.gif"} were in use as symbols before the commencement of our era thoroughly disposes of our contention as Christians that the so-called "Monogram of Christ" had its origin in the formation of a monogram out of the two first letters of the Greek word XPI{sigma}TO{sigma} (_Christos_, Christ), it is clear that these symbols must have had some other origin. Assuming that the symbols {image "monogram3.gif"} and {image "monogram4.gif"} had the same origin, and the same signification, and that if the {image "monogram4.gif"} was a combination of two letters the Greek or Latin T (instead of X) was not one of them; or rather, as these would be very considerable assumptions, more or less confining our attention to the {image "monogram3.gif"} as the more likely of the two to have arisen as a combination of the Greek letters P and X; let us in passing briefly enquire into the origin of the so-called Monogram of Christ as a Pagan symbol. If we seek for that origin as a combination of the first two letters of some other Greek word than Christos, _Christ_, and for the moment assume the letters P and X to have occurred in the same order as in that word, we see at once that the monogram may have been derived either from the word Chrestos, _Good_, or the word Chronos, _Time_, or the word Chrusos, _Gold_. There is, by the way, another curious connection between the three Greek words in question. For the name of the famous god Kronos or Cronos was often spelt XPONO{sigma} _i.e._, Chronos.[54] And this god Chronos--the father of Zeus; and more or less a personification of Time, the Old Father from whom we are all descended--was identical with Saturn, while the Saturnian Age was, as in Virgil's fourth eclogue, ever that spoken of as the Golden age when the ancients were referring to what they pictured as the good old times. It will not do, however, to assume that if the symbol we are considering first arose as a combination of the Greek letters P and X, they were of necessity taken from, and representative of, a word in which they occur in the same order as in _Christos_. And the fact that in the {image "monogram4.gif"}, if not also in the {image "monogram3.gif"}, the P is the leading feature, gives emphasis to the point in question.