The treatment of Sicilian institutions by E. Mayer, _Italienische Verfassungsgeschichte_ (Leipzig, 1909), is too juristic. There is an excellent book on the chancery by K. A. Kehr, _Die Urkunden der normannisch-sicilischen Könige_ (Innsbruck, 1902); and on the _duana_ there are important monographs by Amari, in the _Memorie dei Lincei_, third series, II, pp. 409–38 (1878); and by C. A. Garufi, in _Archivio storico italiano_, fifth series, XXVII, pp. 225–63 (1901). For local administration see the valuable study of Miss E. Jamison, _The Norman Administration of Apulia and Capua_, in _Papers of the British School at Rome_, VI, pp. 211–481 (1913). See also H. Niese, _Die Gesetzgebung der normannischen Dynastie im Regnum Siciliae_ (Halle, 1910); Haskins, “England and Sicily in the Twelfth Century,” in _English Historical Review_, XXVI, pp. 433–47, 641–65 (1911); W. Cohn, _Die Geschichte der normannisch-sicilischen Flotte_ (Breslau, 1910); R. Straus, _Die Juden im Königreich Sizilien_ (Heidelberg, 1910); F. Zechbauer, _Das mittelalterliche Strafrecht Siziliens_ (Berlin, 1908); and various studies in the _Miscellanea Salinas_ (Palermo, 1907) and the _Centenario Michele Amari_ (Palermo, 1910). The commerce of the Sicilian kingdom is described by A. Schaube, _Handelsgeschichte der romanischen Völker_ (Munich, 1906). * * * * * For Monte Cassino in this period see E. A. Loew, _The Beneventan Script_ (Oxford, 1914), with the works there cited; R. Palmarocchi, _L’abbazia di Montecassino e la conquista normanna_ (Rome, 1913). On the Greek monasteries, see Gay, _L’Italie méridionale_; P. Batiffol, _L’abbaye de Rossano_ (Paris, 1891); K. Lake, “The Greek Monasteries in South Italy,” in _Journal of Theological Studies_, IV, V (1903–04); and F. LoParco, _Scolario-Saba_, in _Atti_ of the Naples Academy, new series, I (1910). The best account of Saracen culture in Sicily is still that of Amari. On the south-Italian and Sicilian translators, see O. Hartwig, “Die Uebersetzungsliteratur Unteritaliens in der normannisch-staufischen Epoche,” in _Centralblatt für Bibliothekswesen_, III, pp. 161–90, 223–25, 505 (1886); Haskins and Lockwood, _The Sicilian Translators of the Twelfth Century and the First Latin Version of Ptolemy’s Almagest_, in _Harvard Studies in Classical Philology_, XXI, pp. 75–102 (1910); Haskins, _ibid._, XXIII, pp. 155–166; XXV, pp. 87–105. On the Sicilian origin of the Greek MSS. of the papal library, see J. L. Heiberg, in _Oversigt_ of the Danish Academy, 1891, pp. 305–18; F. Ehrle, in _Festgabe Anton de Waal_ (Rome, 1913), pp. 348–51. The connection of the intellectual movement of the twelfth century with the renaissance under Frederick II is well brought out by Niese, “Zur Geschichte des geistigen Lebens am Hofe Kaiser Friedrichs