cleverness and courtliness, their grace and true pride and beauty, make us understand the old Norman beauty and grace, and seem to make the days of chivalry alive again. But we may go back farther still, and discover in the lonely mountain valleys and fiord-sides of Norway even a simpler, courtlier, and nobler dignity. In the country of the sagamen and the rough sea-kings, beside the steep-shored harbors of the viking dragon-ships, linger the constantly repeated types of an earlier ancestry, and the flower of the sagas blooms as fair as ever. Among the red roofs and gray walls of the Norman towns, or the faint, bright colors of its country landscapes, among the green hedgerows and golden wheat-fields of England, the same flowers grow in more luxuriant fashion, but old Norway and Denmark sent out the seed that has flourished in richer soil. To-day the Northman, the Norman, and the Englishman, and a young nation on this western shore of the Atlantic are all kindred who, possessing a rich inheritance, should own the closest of kindred ties. [Illustration] [Pg367] [Illustration] INDEX. A Adela, 112 Ælfred, the Confessor's brother, 184, 188 Ælfred the Great, 103, 171; fines, 173 Ælfgifu, see Emma of Normandy Æthelred the Unready, 102, 171; English contempt for, 175; flees to Normandy, 177 Alan of Brittany, 70, 126, 137; death of, 151 Alençon, siege of, 213; Lord of, see William de Talvas Ambrières, 250 Anglo-Saxons, 106, 365 Anjou, 358 Anselm, 238, 338, 349 Apulia, 131, 139; allegiance to Rome, 140 Architecture, 239, 240 Argentan, 97 Arlette, 122 Arnulf of Flanders, 63, 71, 87 Arrows, 252, 307 Ascelin, 340 Aumale, 248 Auxerre, 108 Aversa, 133, 139 Avranches, 248 B Baldwin of Flanders, 121 Battle, 304 Baudri, 340 Bayeux, Northmen in, 40, 59; Richard the Fearless educated in, 62; description of, 323 Bayeux tapestry, 238, 299, 323 Beaumont, house of, 152, 198, 282 Bec, abbey of, 219 Benedictines, 222 Berengarius, 230 Berenger, Count of Bayeux, 40 Bergen, 14, 291 Bernard the Dane, 60, 61, 75 Bernard Harcourt, 68 Bernard de Senlis, 59, 61; plot of, 76 Bertha, wife of Robert of France, 100 Bessin, 247 Blaatand Harold, 81 Borbillon, 210 Botho the Dane, 47, 60, 75 Breteuil, castle of, 250 Brionne, 224 Brittany, 58; Danish settlements in, 61; enmity between Normandy and, 76; tributary to Normandy, 246; William's expedition against, 265; aids William, 285 Bruce, Robert, 233 Burgundy, 54, 246; king of, 86; Henry of, 106 Burneville, 224 C Caen, 113; William builds Church of St. Stephen in, 237; 298, 321, 322, 340 Canterbury, archbishop of, 176 Carloman, 85 Carlyle, 360 Cathedrals, 219 Celts, 172 Chalons, Hugh, Count of, 108, 110 Charlemagne, 11, 19; empire of, 34, 52, 88 Charles the Fat, 54, 56 Charles the Simple, 34; resists Rolf's invasion, 37; captivity of, 56 Chartres, Count of, 38; siege of, 41, 109