Sporangia scattered, gregarious, ellipsoidal, ovoid, obconical or nearly globose, dull brown or blackish, the wall simple, thick, coarse, at the top replaced by a delicate, thin, yellowish, iridescent, lustrous or vernicose membrane which forms a circular, smooth, or wrinkled lid, soon deciduous; stipe of varying height, rough from deposit of plasmodic refuse; spores, in mass yellowish, globose, smooth, 8-11 mu. This curious little species, well described by its discoverer, appears to be very rare. At least it is seldom collected; overlooked by reason of its minuteness. It is a stipitate licea, or a lid-covered cribraria; perhaps nearer the former. It affects the bark of species of _Quercus_, and seems to be associated there with _Clastoderma debaryanum. N. A. F._, 2497. Pennsylvania, Maine. _C._ TUBIFERACEAE Fructification aethalioid or of distinct sporangia; sporangia well defined, tubular, often prismatic by mutual pressure, seated on a common, well-marked hypothallus, at length dehiscent by the irregular rupture of the peridium, in typical cases at the apex, its walls remaining then otherwise entire; capillitial threads in No. 3, only. =Key to the Genera of the Tubiferaceae= _A._ Spores olivaceous; sporangia in one or several series, 1. LINDBLADIA _B._ Spores umber; sporangia in a single series 2. TUBIFERA _C._ Sporangia stipitate; capillitium of tubular threads 3. ALWISIA =1. Lindbladia= _Fries_ 1849. _Lindbladia_ Fries, _Sum. Veg. Scand._, p. 449. Fructification aethalioid; the sporangia short, tubular, sometimes superimposed, sometimes forming a simple stratum, in the latter case generally sessile, but sometimes short-stipitate, the peridium at first entire, at length opening irregularly either at the sides or apex, beset with granules; spores olivaceous. This genus was established by Fries in 1849 to accommodate a single species of wide distribution and somewhat varying habit, which is neither a tubifera nor yet a cribraria and offers points of resemblance to each. It is distinct in that the sporangia, while often in single series, are yet often superimposed. It resembles _Tubifera_ in its simple sporangia, opening without the aid of a net; it is like _Cribraria_ in the smooth ochraceous-olivaceous spores and granuliferous peridium. 1. LINDBLADIA EFFUSA (_Ehr._) _Rost._ PLATE I., Figs. 3, 3 _a_, PLATE XII., Figs. 1, 2. 1818. _Licea effusa_ Ehr., _Sylv. Myc. Ber._, p. 26. 1875. _Lindbladia effusa_ (Ehr.) Rost., _Mon._, p. 223. 1879. _Perichaena caespitosa_ Peck, _Rep. N. Y. Mus._, XXXI., p. 57.