Sporangia gregarious, globose or obovoid, stipitate, yellow, erect, the peridial wall thin, especially at the summit, where at maturity it breaks up somewhat reticulately, leaving the persistent lower portion with an uneven margin above which projects the pale yellow capillitium; stipe short, orange, or brownish-red, arising from a small hypothallus; capillitium dense, yellow, the nodules not large, irregular, tending to form a pseudo-columella in the centre of the cup; spores minutely warted, violaceous-brown, 8-10 mu. Fries regards this, which he names _C. mutabile_, the most distinctly marked species of the genus; chiefly, as it appears, on account of the bright yellow color. This, however, varies. Some specimens before us are gray, showing only a trace of yellow below. In some European specimens a reddish tinge prevails. The form of the sporangium also varies. In typical specimens, unopened, the shape is almost pyriform; opened, we have a cylindric, oftenest lemon-yellow vase, mounted on a short striate stalk. But again, from the same plasmodium, we may have globose sporangia, opening so as to leave only a shallow, salver-shaped base. In this case the stipe is also longer. The plasmodium is said to be "clear lemon yellow."--_Massee._ There seems little doubt that Schumacher had in mind the present species in his _Trichia aurea_. Rostafinski shows that Fries's synonym, _C. mutabile_, is founded on a mistake. The earlier specific name is therefore on Rostafinski's authority adopted. Not common. Pennsylvania, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Iowa. 3. CRATERIUM LEUCOCEPHALUM (_Pers._) _Ditmar_. PLATE VIII., Fig. 5. 1791. _Stemonitis leucocephala_ Gmelin, _Syst. Nat._, II., p. 1467. 1801. _Arcyria_ (?) _leucocephala_ Persoon, _Syn. Fung._, p. 183. 1801. _Craterium_ (?) _leucocephalum_, Persoon, _Syn. Fung._, p. 184. 1813. _Craterium leucocephalum_ (Pers.) Ditmar, Sturm, _Deutsch. Flora, Pilze_, p. 21, Pl. 11. 1889. _Physarum scyphoides_ Cke. & Balf., _Jour. Myc._, V., p. 186. 1896. _Craterium convivale_ (Batsch) Morg., _Jour. Cin. Soc._, p. 86. Sporangia gregarious, short-cylindric or ovate, pure white above, brown or reddish-brown below, stipitate, dehiscence irregularly circumscissile, the persistent portion of the peridium beaker-shaped; stipe short, stout, expanded above into the base of the peridium with which it is concolorous; hypothallus scant; capillitium white or sometimes, toward the centre, brownish, the calcareous nodules large, conspicuous, and persistent; spore-mass black, spores violaceous-brown, minutely spinulose, 8-9 mu.