EXPLORATIONS AMONG THE PUEBLOS.—In the summer of 1879 the Smithsonian Institution undertook a thorough and extensive examination of the Pueblo civilization of New Mexico and Arizona. Major Powell sent an expedition to New Mexico in charge of Mr. James Stevenson, and a large collection illustrative of the manners and customs of the Pueblos was made. Mr. F. H. Cushing was especially fortunate in obtaining minute information concerning their traditions, rites, and ceremonies. The work of investigation is still in progress, and at this writing (September, 1881) an expedition is in the field. A full report will ultimately be published. During the latter half of the year 1880 Mr. Baudelier, the eminent Mexican scholar, visited Taos, and prepared a paper on that interesting locality for the Archæological Institute of America, under whose patronage his exploration was conducted. During a residence of two months in the Pueblo of Cochití, occupied by a branch of the Queres tribe, Mr. Baudelier made a thorough study of the institutions of that interesting people. See Second _Ann. Report of Arch. Inst. of Amer._ CHAPTER VIII. ANCIENT AMERICAN CIVILIZATION AND SUPPOSED OLD WORLD ANALOGIES—ARCHITECTURE, SCULPTURE AND HIEROGLYPHICS. Analogies, Real and Fancied — MAYA ARCHITECTURE — The American Pyramid — The Palace of Palenque — The French Roof at Palenque — The Trefoil Arch — Yucatanic Architecture — Uxmal — The Casa de Monjas — Kabah — Casa Grande of Zayi — QUICHÉ ARCHITECTURE — Copan — Circus of Copan — Description by Fuentes — Utatlan — NAHUA ARCHITECTURE — Remains in Oajaca — Mitla — Grecques at Mitla — Remains in the State of Vera Cruz — Cholula — Pyramid of Xochicalco — The Temple of Mexico — Teotihuacan — Los Edificios of Quemeda — Maya and Nahua Architecture Compared — Old World Analogies — SCULPTURE — Of the Mounds — At Palenque — At Uxmal — At Chichen-Itza — On the Isla Mujeres — Of the Nahuas — Ancient American Art and its Old World Analogies — Egyptian Tau at Palenqué — Serpent Sculpture — Nahua Symbolism probably Asiatic — HIEROGLYPHICS — Maya MSS. and Books — Landa’s Alphabet — The Attempts at the Interpretation of Maya MSS. by Bollaert, Charencey, and Rosny — Rosny’s Classification of the Hieroglyphics — Hopes that a Key has been Discovered — The Mexican Picture-writing — Aztec Migration Maps.