| | | | | | (artificially flat). | | 87. | XLIX |47. | 6.2| 66° |Cowalitek, Columbia River | | | | | | | (artificially flattened). | | 99.9| LIII |... |... | 78° |Grave Creek Mound. | |111.8| LIV |... |... | 72° |From an Alabama River Mound. Supposed| | | | | | | Natchez (flattened). | | 84.5| LV |... |... | 80° |Skull from a Mound in Tennessee. | | 87. | LVI |44.5|14.5| 71° |Skull from a Mound at Santa Peru. | | 81.1| LVII |49.5|14.1| 72° |Skull from a Tumulus in the Valley of| | | | | | | Rimac, Peru. | | 86.1| LVIII |42.5|13.7| 74° |Mound Skull, Valley of Rimac, Peru. | | 84. | LIX |... |... | 76° |From an Ancient Tomb at Ottumba, | | | | | | | Mexico. | | 89.3| LX |... |... | 77° |From Ancient Tomb, Ottumba, Mexico. | | 80.6| LXII |45.7|18. | 76° |Skull from a Cave at Golconda, | | | | | | | Illinois. | | 80.6|LXVIII |45. |11.9| 72° |Arucanian Chief from Chili. | | 87. | ... |45. |14.2|75° 31´|Mean. | +-----+-------+----+----+-------+-------------------------------------+ | Forty Skulls. | +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ It will be observed that the widest range is found between the proportions of the skull of the Cayuga chief 100 years old (Plate XXXV) with a cephalic index of only 65.4, and those of some of the Peruvian crania having a cephalic index of over 98. The supposed Natchez skull (Plate LIV) is so artificially flattened as to exclude it from the calculation. The mean cephalic index of each of the tables exhibits a well-defined type of the long and the short skull respectively. The former 74.7 and the latter 87 are both far enough removed from the dividing line (80) to leave no doubt that the types are distinct and separate. Additional data, materially strengthening the conclusion of the variety of types found among American crania, has been furnished by that eminent authority Dr. Daniel Wilson.[229] The following table of measurements in inches is based upon his extensive researches: