Some spear-points found are more than a foot long and three inches wide, and they vary from this down to what may be termed large arrow-heads. Some writers claim that only the very small smallest heads were from arrows, but this would vary according to the tribe and the game hunted, just as we have various bores to our rifles. The stone arrow-heads of the Pai Utes twenty-five years ago were small, but the smallest were often attached to the longest arrows. The method of securing the head to the shaft was generally similar everywhere. A notch being cut in the end of the stick, a small quantity of pitch, asphaltum, fish, or animal glue, or cement, was placed in it, warmed, and the stone head squeezed into position, where it was held by wrappings of wet sinew thread which, drying, gave it a firm grip, and yet when moistened by blood would allow the head to come off in a wound. The sinew was variously applied, according to the shape of the head. The triangular head was held on by passing the sinew over the outer edges, while in that with a tang, which went well down into the shaft, the sinew was wound round and round the shaft and over the tang at the same time. All iron heads were made and mounted in the latter way. In the leaf-shaped head with deep notches, the wrapping was thoroughly protected by the depth of the notches through which it passed. The hafting of knives was much like that of arrows and spears, the ordinary stone knife looking much like a spear-head, and probably some implements that are classed as spear-heads were knives instead. Many were double-edged, while others were single. Some of the diminutive stone implements resembling arrow-heads were drill-heads or awls, and also heads for the children’s play-arrows.[239] There is also a great range in the size of the stone axes and hammers, from mere toys to those so large as to be unwieldy. Grooved stone axes are found all over the continent, except in the mounds of Ohio. Like other stone implements, they have often been used successively by various tribes. Those used to-day by the Mokis and Zuñis are some they have found, and they use them as pounders and pestles. Many of the axes and hammers were weapons of war. [Illustration: TLINKIT SLAT-AND-ROD ARMOUR, ALASKA, FRONT VIEW “Made of slats and rods of hard wood, 1¼ to 1½ in. wide, ⁵⁄₁₆ in. thick, woven together by means of fine sinew cord so as to admit of considerable flexibility. The rods and slats are pared down to form channels for the reception of the cord weaving. The front and back portions are woven separately. The neck portions are made up of short slats, and sewed on by means of a strip of rawhide 1½ in. wide. The shoulder supports are of very thick elkhide, the one on the right being fastened by a slash and toggle. Width of rear portion, 24 in.; height, 20 in.; width of front portion, 18 in.; height, 19 in.” ] [Illustration: APACHE WAR-BONNET]