Propagated by seeds, or by divisions before new growth commences. Also by offsets. =Cerastium.= _Caryophylleæ._ Propagated by seeds and divisions, or by cuttings inserted in the open ground in a shady place, after flowering. =Ceratiola.= _Empetraceæ._ Increased by seeds and by cuttings, which should be placed in sandy soil under glass. =Ceratonia= (Algaroba Bean, Carob Tree). _Leguminosæ._ Increased by ripened cuttings, which will root if planted in sand under a frame. =Ceratozamia.= _Cycadaceæ._ Increased by seeds, and sometimes by suckers and divisions; but imported plants give most satisfaction. =Cercidiphyllum.= _Leguminosæ._ Propagated by tender cuttings made during the summer, and slightly wilted before placing in the frames. =Cercis= (Judas-tree). _Leguminosæ._ Propagated by seeds, sown about the end of March on a bed of light soil, in a gentle heat. They may also be increased by layers, but plants raised from seeds thrive best. It is not necessary to stratify the seeds, _C. Japonica_ is grown from soft cuttings in early summer. =Cereus.= See Cactus. =Ceropegia.= _Asclepiadeæ._ Propagated by cuttings of small side shoots made in spring, which will root in sand, in heat, with or without a glass covering. =Cestrum=, including Habrothamnus. _Solanaceæ._ Propagated by cuttings in August, the same being potted off as frequently as the roots reach the sides of the pots. =Chænostoma.= _Scrophularineæ._ Increased by cuttings, which may be made in autumn and placed in a greenhouse or cold pit during the winter. =Chætogastra.= _Melastomaceæ._ Increased by seeds sown in March, or the perennials by cuttings in sandy peat. =Chamæbatia.= _Rosaceæ._ Propagated by cuttings, which should be struck in sand in a cold-frame. =Chamæcyparis.= _Coniferæ._ Propagated by seeds freely, also by layers, but mainly by cuttings put in during October. Select young side shoots with a heel; insert in well-drained pots of sandy soil, and place in a close cold-frame, keeping fairly moist through the winter. In February they should be calloused, and should be placed in gentle heat, where they will root freely. =Chamæranthemum.= _Acanthaceæ._ Propagated by cuttings of young shoots, which will root in spring if planted in sand and placed in heat. =Chamærops=, including Corypha, Taliera. _Palmæ._ Increased by seeds, or by suckers, which generally appear in considerable quantities. =Chard.= See Beet. =Cheilanthes.= See Fern. =Chelone= (Turtle Head). _Scrophularineæ._ They may be increased by means of seeds. Also by dividing the plant during fall. Young cuttings inserted in sandy soil in a cold-frame grow well. =Cherry= (_Prunus Avium and P. Cerasus_). _Rosaceæ._