Seeds. For layers, remove the soil in spring to a depth of two or three inches about the plant, and fill with fine compost to within two inches of the tops of the shoots. The next spring, carefully wash away the compost, and plant the small white buds in pots of fine soil. Place in a cool frame. Cuttings should be made of matured shoots or side growths in autumn; insert thinly in well-drained pots of peaty soil, and cover with a bell-glass. If kept in a cool house in winter they will callus, and may, early in spring, be introduced to gentle heat, to encourage growth and the emission of roots. Pot the young plants singly, and grow on in a close but not high temperature, and afterwards harden and keep quite cool during the following autumn and winter, in order to thoroughly ripen the wood. Grafted specimens may be treated in a similar way. _D. odora_ is propagated by ripened cuttings in a cool house, in sand. Sometimes the old wood can be used. The time is determined by the fitness of the wood. =Darlingtonia.= _Sarraceniaceæ._ Increased by seeds and by dividing the plants. Seeds may be sown on the surface of well-prepared fibrous soil, and then covered with dead sphagnum moss, rubbed through a sieve. Give shade. =Darwinia.= _Myrtaceæ._ Increased by cuttings of the young roots. Place in a cold-frame. =Dasylirion.= _Liliaceæ._ Increased by seeds, suckers and cuttings. =Date= (_Phœnix dactylifera_). _Palmæ._ The seeds from commercial dates grow readily, and without the intervention of stratification. Special varieties are propagated by a sort of cutting, made by removing and rooting the sprouts which appear about the base of the tree. These root readily if taken off green and liberally supplied with water. They often begin to bear in five or six years. =Date Palm.= See Phœnix. =Datisca.= _Datisceæ._ May be increased by seeds, and by dividing well established plants. =Datura=, including Brugmansia, Ceratocaulis and Stramonium. _Solanaceæ._ The annual species are propagated by seeds, which are started under cover in the north. The perennials are readily grown from cuttings in mild heat. Heeled shoots are usually preferred. =Daubenya.= _Liliaceæ._ Increased by offsets. =Davallia.= _Filices._ Propagated largely by division. See Ferns. =Daviesia.= _Leguminosæ._ Seed may be sown in slight heat in spring. Cuttings may be made of firm young shoots, and placed in sand under a frame. =Day Lily.= See Hemerocallis. =Deciduous Cypress.= See Taxodium. =Decumaria.= _Saxifrageæ._ Seeds. Cuttings may be made in summer, and placed under a frame in a shady situation. =Delphinium= (Larkspur). _Ranunculaceæ._