Propagated by seeds and cuttings. The seeds must have good drainage, uniform conditions and strong heat (80° to 85°). Sow upon a soil made of peat and fine sphagnum, and keep in a moist and close frame. Cuttings are usually struck in moss in a frame having strong bottom heat. A good plan is to fill a small pot with moss, invert it, and insert the cutting through the hole in the bottom. The pot then keeps the moss uniform. The pot is broken when the plant is removed. When potting off, use very coarse material. =Nepeta=, Glechoma (Catmint, Catnip). _Labiatæ._ Propagated by sowing seed in spring, or by divisions. =Nephelium=, Dimocarpus, Euphoria (Litchi). _Sapindaceæ._ May be increased by seeds, or by cuttings made of half-ripened wood. =Nephrodium.= See Ferns. =Nephrolepis.= See Ferns. =Nerine.= _Amaryllideæ._ Seeds, for new varieties. Commonly increased by means of bulbels. =Nerium= (Oleander). _Apocynaceæ._ Layers. Cuttings should be made of matured leading shoots, inserted in single pots and placed in a close, warm frame; or they may be rooted in bottles of water and afterwards potted in soil. See Fig. 52, _a_. =Nertera=, Nerteria. _Rubiaceæ._ Increased by seeds, divisions, or cuttings. Any small portion will grow freely, especially if placed in a warm frame. =Nesæa=, including Heimia. _Lythrarieæ._ May be increased by means of seeds, divisions, or green cuttings. =Nettle-tree.= See Celtis. =New Zealand Flax.= See Phormium. =Nicandra=, Calydermos. _Solanaceæ._ Seeds, sown in the open border, or under glass in the north. =Nicotiana= (Tobacco). _Solanaceæ._ Propagated by seeds, started under glass or in a carefully prepared seed-bed. The ornamental species sometimes by cuttings. =Nierembergia.= _Solanaceæ._ Grown from seeds, under glass. Cuttings of firm shoots are also used. =Nigella= (Fennel Flower, Love-in-a-Mist). _Ranunculaceæ._ Propagated by seeds sown in early spring in the open. =Nightshade.= See Solanum. =Nine-bark.= See Spiræa. =Nolana.= _Convolvulaceæ._ Seeds sown in the open border during spring. =Norantea=, Ascium, Schwartzia. _Ternstrœmiaceæ._ Ripened cuttings can be rooted in sand, in heat. =Norfolk Island Pine.= See Araucaria. =Norway Spruce.= See Picea. =Notelæa=, Rhysospermum. _Oleaceæ._ Seeds. Cuttings of firm side shoots in spring, usually without heat. =Nuphar.= Propagated same as Nelumbo and Nymphæa, which see. =Nutmeg.= See Myristica. =Nuttallia.= _Rosaceæ._ May be propagated by seeds; by divisions; by means of suckers, which spring from the roots. =Nyctanthes.= _Oleaceæ._ Cuttings of half-ripened shoots should be set in spring, in bottom heat. =Nymphæa=, Castalia (Water Lily, Lotus). _Nymphæaceæ._