=Palma-Christi.= See Ricinus. =Palms.= _Palmæ._ Palms are mostly grown from imported seeds. These should always be sown in a brisk bottom heat, in a mixture of coarse loam and sand. A hot-bed, established upon the greenhouse bench, is an excellent place in which to start palm seeds. Some species are increased by suckers, which arise from the crown or roots. For more explicit directions, see the various genera. =Pampas Grass.= See Gynerium. =Panax= (Ginseng). _Araliaceæ._ Cuttings of stems and roots. Stems of old plants may be cut into pieces an inch or two long and inserted in sand in heat. Or young plants can be obtained by cutting down the tops of strong plants and then separating the suckers which arise. =Pancratium= and =Hymenocallis=. _Amaryllideæ._ Seeds, sown in pans in heat, are sometimes employed. Commonly increased by offsets, which usually form freely. =Pandanus= (Screw Pine). _Pandaneæ._ Seeds and suckers, as in palms. Also by cuttings of the young growth in heat. The "seeds" are really fruits, and if in good condition several plants, one to ten, are obtainable from each; they should be separated when well furnished with roots. =Pansy.= See Viola. =Papaver= (Poppy). _Papaveraceæ._ Seeds--usually sown out-doors--and divisions. _P. orientalis_ and allied species are easily propagated by root-cuttings in sandy soil under glass in autumn. =Papaw-tree.= See Carica; also Asimina. =Papyrus.= _Cyperaceæ._ Propagation is effected by seeds and by divisions, chiefly the latter. =Pardanthus.= _Irideæ._ Seeds, divisions, and cuttings of young growth. =Paris.= _Liliaceæ._ Increased by seeds or by divisions. =Paris Daisy.= See Marguerite. =Parkinsonia.= _Leguminosæ._ Seeds mostly. Cuttings. =Parnassia= (Grass of Parnassus). _Saxifrageæ._ May be propagated by seeds or by divisions. =Parrotia.= _Hamamelideæ._ Increased by seeds or by layers. =Parrya.= _Cruciferæ._ Seeds and divisions. =Parsley= (_Apium Petroselinum_). _Umbelliferæ._ Seeds, which are usually sown out-doors. The roots may be taken up in fall to be forced under glass. =Parsnip= (_Pastinaca sativa_). _Umbelliferæ._ Fresh seeds, sown where the plants are to stand. =Parthenium.= _Compositæ._ Seeds, sown under glass, or in the open. =Pasque-flower.= See Anemone. =Passiflora= (Passion Flower). _Passifloreæ._ Seeds, sown under glass. Cuttings of the young growth root easily in sand in a frame. Varieties are sometimes veneer-grafted, _e. g._, _P. coccinea_. =Paulownia.= _Scrophularineæ._ Seeds, sown in carefully prepared soil, either in a seed-bed or in a cold-frame. Cuttings of ripe wood or of roots, made in fall or spring. =Pavonia.= _Malvaceæ._ Seeds, and green cuttings in a frame. =Pea= (_Pisum sativum_). _Leguminosæ._