=Saffron= (_Carthamus tinctorius_). _Compositæ._ Propagated by seeds, in open air in spring. Saffron is also _Crocus sativus_. =Sage= (_Salvia officinalis_). _Labiatæ._ Seeds, sown in spring where the plants are to stand. Also by division, but seeds give better plants. Sage plantations should be renewed every two or three years. Good plants are grown from cuttings. =Sage Palm.= See Cycas. =Saintfoin.= See Onobrychis. =Saint John's Bread.= See Carob. =Salisburia.= See Ginkgo. =Salix= (Willow, Osier, Sallow). _Salicineæ._ All the willows grow readily from cuttings of ripe wood of almost any age. The low and weeping varieties are top-worked upon any common upright stocks. =Sallow.= See Salix. =Salpiglossis.= _Scrophularineæ._ Propagated by seeds in open air, or they may be started under glass. =Salsify= (_Tragopogon porrifolius_). _Compositæ._ Seeds, sown in spring where the plants are to remain. =Salvia=, including Sclarea (Sage). _Labiatæ._ May be increased by seeds, sown thinly and placed in a little warmth. Also by cuttings; these will root readily in heat, if they are quite soft and in a growing state. =Sambucus= (Elder). _Caprifoliaceæ._ Seeds, handled like those of raspberries and blackberries. Named kinds are grown from cuttings of mature wood, and by layers. =Sandoricum= (Sandal-tree). _Meliaceæ._ Seeds. Cuttings, in sand under glass, in heat. =Sanguinaria= (Blood-root, Red Puccoon). _Papaveraceæ._ Propagation is effected by means of seeds, or by divisions. =Sanguisorba.= See Poterium. =Sanseviera=, Salmia (Bowstring Hemp). _Hæmodoraceæ._ Young plants are obtained from suckers. =Sapodilla= or =Sapodilla Plum=. See Sapota. =Saponaria=, including Vaccaria (Bouncing Bet, Fuller's Herb, Soapwort). _Caryophylleæ._ Increased by seeds and by divisions. The hardy annual and biennial kinds may be simply sown in the open border. =Sapota=, Achras. _Sapotaceæ._ Seeds and cuttings. In tropical countries the sapodilla (_S. Achras_) is raised entirely from seeds. =Sarracenia= (Indian Cup, Pitcher Plant, Side-saddle Flower. Trumpet Leaf). _Sarraceniaceæ._ Increased by dividing the crowns. Sometimes by seeds, sown in moss in a cool frame. =Sassafras=. _Laurineæ._ Increased by seeds, and by suckers and root-cuttings. =Satyrium.= _Orchideæ._ Division of the plants, as new growth is commencing. (See also under Orchids.) =Saurauja=, Palava, Reinwardtia. _Ternstrœmiaceæ._ Seeds. Ripened cuttings should be inserted in sand, under glass. =Sauromatum.= _Aroideæ._ Increased by offsets. =Saussurea.= _Compositæ._ Seeds; division. =Savin.= See Juniperus. =Savoy.= See Cabbage. =Savory= (_Satureia hortensis_, _S montana_). _Labiatæ._