_Juglans Pecan_, Marshall, Arboretum Americanum, 1785. _Juglans Pecan_, Walter, 1787. _Juglans olivæformis_, Willdenow, 1809. _Carya olivæformis_, Nuttall, 1818. _Juglans Illinoiensis_, Wangenheim, 1787. _Juglans angustifolia_, Aiton, Hortus Kewensis. _Juglans rubra_, Gærtner. _Juglans cylindrica_, Lamarck. SHELLBARK OR SHAGBARK HICKORY (_Hicoria alba_. Clayton).--Leaflets mostly five, occasionally seven, the three upper ones obovate-lanceolate, the lower pair much smaller and oblong-lanceolate, as shown in Fig. 46, all taper-pointed, finely serrate, and slightly downy underneath. Terminal buds large and scaly. Fruit globose, somewhat depressed; husk smooth, very thick, firm, scarcely shrinking at maturity, but opening and falling with the nuts when ripe. Nuts variable in size, mainly thin-shelled, white, compressed or flattened, four-angled, with deep corrugations, blunt, rarely sharp-pointed; kernel large, sweet and excellent. One of the most common and popular of the indigenous edible nuts, collected in large quantities as they ripen in autumn, for home use and for sale, as the demand for this excellent nut is almost unlimited. A large tree, fifty to eighty feet high, and stem one to three feet in diameter, with a shaggy or scaly bark, which on old trees may be readily pulled off in long, shell-like plates. Timber well known as valuable for many purposes. This species has a very wide range, of from Maine to Florida in the Eastern States, and westward to Minnesota, thence southward through eastern Kansas, Missouri, Indian Territory and eastern Texas. Synonyms: _Juglans alba_, Clayton, Flora Virginica, 1739. _Juglans alba ovata_, Miller, Gard. Dict., 1754. _Juglans alba_, Linn., Spec. pl., 1754. _Juglans alba ovata_, Marshall, 1785. _Juglans compressa (?)_, Willdenow, 1809. _Juglans exaltata (?)_, Bartram, 1791. _Juglans alba_, Nuttall, 1818. _Juglans_ var. _microcarpa_, Nuttall. _Juglans squamosa (?)_, Lamarck. _Juglans ovalis (?)_, Wangenheim. Although Clayton, as with most of the earlier botanists, fails to give any description of the foliage of the hickories he mentions, and all have the affix _alba_ (white), yet his reference to the form of the nut and the scaly bark of the tree is sufficient to enable us to identify the species as that of our common shellbark hickory of the Atlantic States, which extends through the regions where he gathered his botanical specimens. [Illustration: FIG. 46. LEAF AND STERILE CATKINS OF SHELLBARK HICKORY.] [Illustration: FIG. 47. WESTERN SHELLBARK.] [Illustration: FIG. 48. SECTION WESTERN SHELLBARK.]