The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
Finally, as affording additional evidence, we may refer to a third
subject in this group, a man of 65 kilos body-weight, 26 years of age,
who for a period of six consecutive months maintained body-weight,
nitrogen equilibrium, and a general condition of good health, with a
proteid metabolism equal to 7.81 grams of nitrogen per day. During the
last two months of the experiment, the average excretion of nitrogen
per day amounted to 6.68 grams, corresponding to a metabolism of
0.102 gram of nitrogen per kilo of body-weight. This figure, it will
be noted, is practically identical with the values obtained with the
preceding subjects, calculated to the same unit of weight. Further,
this third subject did not reduce his nitrogen intake by an exclusion
of meat, but made use of his ordinary diet gradually reduced in amount.
His daily consumption of proteid food averaged 55 grams, or 8.83 grams
of nitrogen, and on this amount of proteid, without increasing the
intake of fats and carbohydrates, he was quite able to do his work with
preservation of physiological equilibrium.
Views so radically different from those commonly accepted can be made
to carry weight, only by the accumulation of supporting evidence
obtained under widely different conditions of life, and by methods
which will defy criticism. It might be argued, and with perhaps some
justification, that while professional men, with freedom from muscular
work, may be able to live without detriment on a relatively small
amount of proteid food, such a conclusion would not be warranted for
the great majority of mankind with their necessarily greater muscular
activity. We are confronted at once with the oft-heard statement that
the laboring man requires more proteid food; he has a more vigorous
appetite, and he must take an abundance of meat and other foods
rich in proteid, if he is to maintain his ability as a worker. Note
the statements already made in other connections regarding the food
consumption of Maine lumbermen, of men on the football team, of trained
athletes in general. These men consume large amounts of proteid daily,
because their work demands it. If the demand did not really exist, they
would not so agree in the use of high proteid standards, so runs the
argument. The custom certainly does exist and is almost universally
followed; men in training for athletic events deem it necessary to
consume large amounts of proteid food. Custom and long experience
sanction a high proteid diet, rich in nitrogen, for the development
and maintenance of that strength and vigor that help to make the
accomplished athlete. It is common knowledge to-day, however, that the
energy of muscle work does not have its origin in the breaking down of
proteid material, certainly not when there is an adequate amount of
fat and carbohydrate in the diet. A high proteid intake must therefore
be called for because of some subtle quality, not at present fully
understood.
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