The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
Dinner.--Tomato soup, thick, with potatoes and onions boiled in, 300
grams, scrambled egg 50 grams, mashed potato 200 grams, bread 50
grams, butter 10 grams, one cup coffee 350 grams.
Supper.--Fried bacon 20 grams, boiled potato 200 grams, butter 10
grams, bread pudding 150 grams, sliced banana 200 grams, one cup tea
350 grams.
Total nitrogen content of the day’s food = 8.420 grams.
_April 1._
Breakfast.--Fried hominy 150 grams, syrup 75 grams, baked potato 200
grams, butter 20 grams, one cup coffee 350 grams.
Dinner.--Baked spaghetti 200 grams, mashed potato 250 grams, boiled
turnip 150 grams, bread 35 grams, butter 10 grams, apple sauce 200
grams, one cup coffee 350 grams.
Supper.--Fried bacon 25 grams, fried sweet potato 200 grams, bread
35 grams, butter 20 grams, jam 100 grams, apple-tapioca pudding 300
grams, one cup tea 350 grams.
Total nitrogen content of the day’s food = 7.342 grams.
These dietaries are fair samples of the daily food given the men
during the last five months of the experiment. If we place the intake
of nitrogen at 8.5 grams per day, or even 9 grams daily, it would
mean at the most an average daily consumption of 56 grams of proteid;
viz., about one-third the amount they were accustomed to take under
their ordinary modes of life. Of greater interest, however, is
the rate of proteid katabolism shown by these men under the above
conditions of diet, during the five months’ period. The average
daily output of metabolized nitrogen for each man ranged from 7.03
grams--the lowest--to 8.91 grams--the highest. An excretion of 7.03
grams of nitrogen per day means a katabolism, or breaking down, of
43.9 grams of proteid matter; while the excretion of 8.91 grams of
nitrogen corresponds to a katabolism of 55.6 grams of proteid. The
grand average, _i. e._, the average daily output of nitrogen of all
the men for the five months’ period amounted to 7.8 grams per man,
corresponding to an average daily katabolism of 48.75 grams of proteid.
The heaviest man of the group had a body-weight of 74 kilograms, while
his average daily output of metabolized nitrogen amounted to 7.84
grams. This corresponds to 0.106 gram of metabolized nitrogen per kilo
of body-weight; a figure which agrees quite closely with the lowest
figures obtained with the preceding subjects when calculated to the
same unit of weight. Many of the men, however, metabolized considerably
more nitrogen or proteid in proportion to their body-weight, due in a
measure at least to the fact that they were being fed more liberally
with proteid food than was really necessary for the needs of the body.
In this group, we have a body of men doing a reasonable amount of
physical work, who lived without discomfort for five consecutive months
on a daily consumption of proteid food not much, if any, greater than
one-third the amount called for by common usage, and the average fuel
value of which certainly did not exceed 3000 calories per day.
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