The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.Figuier, Louis
Science
The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.
Figuier, Louis
Marine animals; Ocean
The substance of the disk presents an uniform cellular appearance
internally, but the cellular substance being very soft, no trace of
fibre is observable. Taken from the sea and laid upon a stone, a Medusa
weighing fifty ounces will rapidly diminish to five or six grains,
sinking into a sort of deliquescence, from which Spalanzani concluded
that the sea-water penetrated the organic texture of its substance, and
constituted the principal volume of the animal. Those which have cilia
round their margins have also cellular bands running along their bases,
and most of the projectile and extensile tentacula and filaments have
sacs and canals containing fluids at their roots. Suckers are also found
at the extremities, and along the sides of these tentacles in several
genera are suckers, by which they are able more securely to catch their
floating prey, or to anchor themselves when at rest. The indications of
nerves or nervous system are too slight to be received as evidence,
although Dr. Grant observed some structure which he thought could only
belong to a nervous system, and Ehrenberg thought he observed eyes in
_Medusa aurita_, as well as a nervous circle formed of four
ganglion-like masses disposed round the mouth. But most naturalists seem
to be of opinion that touch is the only sense of which any conclusive
proof can be advanced.
Here we behold a class of bell-shaped semi-transparent organisms, which
float gracefully in the sea--a great family of soft, wandering animals,
constituted in a most extraordinary manner. They look like floating
umbrellas, breeches, or, better still, floating mushrooms, the footstalk
replaced by an equally central body, but divided into divergent lobes at
once sinuous, twisted, and fringed, so that one is at first tempted to
take them for a species of root. The edges of the umbrella or mushroom
are entire or dentate, sometimes elegantly figured, often ciliate, or
provided with long filiform appendages which float vertically in the
water.
Sometimes the animal is uncoloured, and limpid as crystal; sometimes it
presents a slightly opaline appearance, now of a tender blue, or of a
delicate rose colour; at other times it reflects the most brilliant and
vivid tints.
In certain species the central parts only are coloured, showing
brilliant reds and yellows, blues or violets, the rest being colourless.
In others the central mass seems clothed in a thin iridescent or
diaphanous veil, like the light evanescent soap-bubble, or the
transparent glass shade which covers a group of artificial flowers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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