The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.Figuier, Louis
Science
The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.
Figuier, Louis
Marine animals; Ocean
England has always been famous for its oysters, and its pearls are said
to have been the chief incentive to Cæsar's invasion. It is not,
therefore, to be supposed that British magnates could be indifferent to
the "native." But the bivalve has perhaps been more celebrated, in prose
and verse, north of the Tweed than south, where silent enjoyment is more
relished than noisy demonstration. Dugald Stewart, Hume, Cullen, and
other Scotch philosophers of the last centuries, had their "oyster
ploys" as an accompaniment to their "high jinks," in the quaint and
dingy taverns of the old town of Edinburgh; and what the bivalve has
been to modern celebrities let the _Noctes Ambrosianæ_ tell.
The oyster may thus be said to be the palm and glory of the table. It is
considered the very perfection of digestive aliment. From Stockholm to
Naples, from London to St. Petersburg, it is always in request. At St.
Petersburg they cost a paper rouble (nearly one shilling), and at
Stockholm fivepence each. For the last year or two the English
amphitryon must pay from two shillings to half a crown a dozen for
choice natives.
For his daily nourishment a man of middle size requires a quantity of
food equal to twelve ounces of dry nitrogenized substance. According to
this calculation, it would be necessary to swallow sixteen dozen of
oysters to make up the necessary quantity. The small proportion of
nutritive matter explains the extreme digestibility of the oyster. It
also explains the immense consumption of them attributed to the Emperor
Vitellius. The oyster is nothing more than water slightly gelatinized.
Without this Vitellius, all emperor and master of the world as he was,
never could have absorbed twelve hundred oysters by way of whetting his
appetite.
The gourmets were long of opinion that the quadrangular pad or cushion
in the bivalve was the most savoury and exciting part. Certain
distinguished amateur performers adopted and proclaimed the principle of
dividing transversely the body of the mollusc, and eating the cushion
only. Natural history explains this gastronomical discovery. It
recognizes the fact that the bile secreted by the liver is contained in
this substance, that it accelerates while it exhausts the qualitative
surface of the tongue and palate, aiding also the functions of the
stomach.
* * * * *
We have described the organization of the oyster, and we have said
something of the enjoyment it confers. Did it ever occur to the various
Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals to consider whether
the oyster might not be a very proper object of their care? Let us see
if we can bridge over the gulf.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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