who immediately set out with his army to overtake Santa Cruz, gave the command of the capital to the Marquis de Torre-Tagle. The enemies of President Riva-Agüero secured his downfall, and after being treacherously seized and imprisoned, he was forced to retire from the country. He was one of the most distinguished characters of the revolution and his services deserved a better reward. Posterity is proud to honor, as one of the heroes of his country, the Grand Marshal Riva-Agüero, Marquis de Monte Alegre and Chevalier of the Order of Charles III. General Bolivar arrived in Lima on the 1st of September, 1823. He was received with the greatest enthusiasm, and was immediately invested by Congress with supreme authority, military and political. Later, his power was amplified, General Necochea being at the same time made political and military chief of the capital, to replace the Marquis de Torre-Tagle who fell into disgrace, through his correspondence with General Canterac. As soon as possible, Bolivar began plans for the accomplishment of the great purpose that had brought him to Peru, and two months after his arrival he left Lima to establish military headquarters at Pativilca, two hundred miles north of the capital and due west of Cerro de Pasco near which the royalist troops were stationed, in the department of Junin. Preparations were at once begun for a campaign against the enemy. The Liberating Army, which consisted of six thousand Colombian and four thousand Peruvian troops, was organized in three divisions,—two Colombian, under Generals Cordova and Lara, and one Peruvian, under General La Mar, the Peruvian cavalry being placed in charge of General Miller, that of Colombia under Colonel Carbajal’s orders, and the Argentine cavalry under Colonel Bruiz, while General Necochea commanded the united cavalry force, General Sucre, who had returned from the interior, being appointed chief of staff of the whole army.