Don Luis Bacaflor is esteemed one of the greatest Peruvian painters of the present day. His _Head of an Old Man_ is a celebrated study painted by him several years ago, and he is the author of many other well known pictures. His home is in Paris, where he counts among his friends the leading artists of Europe. The story of Bacaflor’s early struggles and his sturdy patriotism give a peculiar interest to his later successes. When a mere youth, he went to Chile to study his beloved art, giving evidences of the genius which has since developed in all its strength. He won the Prix de Rome, in recognition of which the Chilean government offered to send the aspiring young painter to Europe, that he might have the advantage of the best training of foreign masters. With what a thrill of delight must the student have seen such a prospect open before him! But,—it was impossible to accept the terms, which demanded that he renounce his beloved Peru and become a Chilean citizen. Not a moment did the patriotic young artist hesitate, sending at once the answer which was apparently to cut him off from a brilliant career and the achievement of his dearest ambition. His reward has been a noble one. The Peruvian government in recognition of its gifted and patriotic young citizen, sent him to study under its own auspices, and the result has been an honor to the nation. Albert Lynch, also a Peruvian, a native of Trujillo, is among the famous painters at the French capital. Francisco Lazo, Daniel Hernandez, of Huancavelica, Herminio Arias, the Countess de Beon, Alberto Pareja de Mijares, and Juan Lepiani are names well known in the art circles of Europe, especially in Rome and Paris, where their pictures have been exhibited in the salons. Abelardo Alvarez Calderon, who has won fame as an illustrator, lives in London. There are still a few artists who have remained in their own country, and the illustrative art, as seen in the magazines, gives evidence of superior talent. Don Miguel Miró Quesada is one of the most gifted of the younger generation, his clever sketches and caricatures being an attractive feature of the current periodicals. The painter, Francisco Lazo, was both litterateur and artist, and the author of the Peruvian national hymn, Bernardo Alcedo, wrote a book on the elemental philosophy of music, besides composing the music of the hymn and a number of masses, a _Miserere_, and other works. The composer Valleriestra, devotes all his leisure to musical study. Peru has a celebrated cantatrice, Señorita Margarita Alvarez de Rocáfuerte, who has won fame in the European capitals by her divine voice and the sympathy and grace with which she interprets the masters of music. She is young, beautiful, and of artistic temperament, and wins her audience from the first moment. Not long ago, this charming songbird of the Andes received the gold medal in a musical contest in the Royal Academy of London.