The Old Merchant Marine: A Chronicle of American Ships and SailorsPaine, Ralph Delahaye
History
The Old Merchant Marine: A Chronicle of American Ships and Sailors
Paine, Ralph Delahaye
Merchant marine -- United States -- History
There was a class of them which exemplified the rapid development of the
merchant marine in a conspicuous manner--large commerce destroyers too
swift to be caught, too powerful to fear the smaller cruisers. They were
extremely profitable business ventures, entrusted to the command of the
most audacious and skillful masters that could be engaged. Of this type
was the ship America of Salem, owned by the Crowninshields, which made
twenty-six prizes and brought safely into port property which realized
more than a million dollars. Of this the owners and shareholders
received six hundred thousand dollars as dividends. She was a stately
vessel, built for the East India trade, and was generally conceded to
be the fastest privateer afloat. For this service the upper deck was
removed and the sides were filled in with stout oak timber as an armored
protection, and longer yards and royal masts gave her a huge area
of sail. Her crew of one hundred and fifty men had the exacting
organization of a man-of-war, including, it is interesting to note,
three lieutenants, three mates, a sailingmaster, surgeon, purser,
captain of marines, gunners, seven prize masters, armorer, drummer,
and a fifer. Discipline was severe, and flogging was the penalty for
breaking the regulations.
During her four cruises, the America swooped among the plodding
merchantmen like a falcon on a dovecote, the sight of her frightening
most of her prey into submission, with a brush now and then to exercise
the crews of the twenty-two guns, and perhaps a man or two hit. Long
after the war, Captain James Chever, again a peaceful merchant mariner,
met at Valparaiso, Sir James Thompson, commander of the British frigate
Dublin, which had been fitted out in 1813 for the special purpose of
chasing the America. In the course of a cordial chat between the two
captains the Briton remarked:
"I was once almost within gun-shot of that infernal Yankee
skimming-dish, just as night came on. By daylight she had outsailed
the Dublin so devilish fast that she was no more than a speck on the
horizon. By the way, I wonder if you happen to know the name of the
beggar that was master of her."
"I'm the beggar," chuckled Captain Chever, and they drank each other's
health on the strength of it.
Although the Treaty of Ghent omitted mention of the impressment of
sailors, which had been the burning issue of the war, there were no more
offenses of this kind. American seafarers were safe against kidnapping
on their own decks, and they had won this security by virtue of their
own double-shotted guns. At the same time England lifted the curse of
the press-gang from her own people, who refused longer to endure it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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