Such instances are by no means singular, nor are like difficulties
confined to the Eocene. In the Miocene above, about the time when
Anchitherium flourished, there appeared a family with whom he might
claim relationship, for they were not only akin to the Ungulates but
Perissodactyles, or "odd-toed," like himself. These were the
"Proboscideae"--"the beasts that bear between their eyes a serpent for a
hand," in other words the Elephants and their allies. These, like other
families, amongst their earliest representatives included the giants of
their race, for some of their Miocene specimens[301] are about half as
large again as the largest of our modern elephants. Professor Ray
Lankester has recently declared[302] that we now understand the genetic
affinities of these creatures, whose faces have been pulled out into
trunks with the nose at the extremity, and in support of his statement
he adduces the features of the cranium as exhibited in certain
recently-discovered specimens. But how far can conclusions be called
final which are based upon such partial evidence?[303] As M. Gaudry,
convinced Evolutionist as he is, acknowledges, in regard of this very
matter:[304]
Like the Mastodons, the Dinotheria appeared suddenly. Whence did
they come? from what quadrupeds did they spring? At present we do
not know.... The points of difference [from other mammals] taken as
a whole, and compared with the points of resemblance, are too great
to enable us to point to any relationship between the Proboscideans
and animals of other orders as yet known to us.
Such then are some of the still unanswered questions connected with the
genesis of the Horse, "the most famous instance of geological
evidence"[305] which Professor Huxley selects as proving Evolution to
demonstration. It is by no means easy to understand how it could ever be
supposed to merit any such description. In view of the various
difficulties recited above it can hardly be thought that there is
satisfactory evidence even of the modicum of Evolution for which alone
are such arguments brought, namely within the limits of the _Equidæ_.
Even were the reality of this established to the full, how would such
evidence compare with that we have heard, drawn not from one corner of
Organic Nature, but from a review of the great lines of its
history?[306]
We find indeed that while Professor Huxley declares palæontology to be
the main support of Evolution, other authorities tell us the exact
contrary.
The doctrine of organic evolution [says Sir J. W. Dawson][307] is
essentially biological rather than geological, and has been much
more favoured by biologists than by those whose studies lead them
more specially to consider the succession of animals and plants
revealed by the rocks of the earth.
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