Personal conviction [he writes],[213] mere possibility, are offered
as proofs, or at least as arguments in favour of the theory. Can we
admit their validity? Obviously not. The human mind can conceive
many things: is that a reason for accepting them all?... Obviously
more serious proofs are needed. After all, save where a
contradiction is involved, everything is _possible_.... If
adopting, under the shadow of Oken's great name, his principle of
the repetition of phenomena, a naturalist should maintain that each
of the planets has its own Europe, its England, and its Darwin
expounding to the Jovians and Saturnians the origin of species, I
do not quite see how one would set about showing him that he was
wrong. Unquestionably the thing is _possible_. Are we to draw the
conclusion that it is a fact?
Again,[214] the same distinguished naturalist, having quoted Darwin's
very elaborate explanation of a difficulty, remarks:
We see how with Darwin, as with his precursors, one hypothesis
necessitates another. But can he, at least, by means of these
subsidiary theories, these comparisons, these metaphors, account
for all the facts? No, he himself honestly confesses more than once
that he cannot. It is true that he adds "I am convinced that the
objections have little weight, and the difficulties are not
insoluble." But is this conviction of his a proof, or even an
argument?
M. Blanchard likewise comments vigorously on this mode of argumentation.
Speaking of the Mole and Darwin's explanation of its blindness, namely
that having taken to living under-ground it lost its eyes through
disuse--which he considers a most preposterous supposition,--M Blanchard
continues:[215]
The realms of fancy are boundless; but the observer who is
concerned with realities can only have recourse to the facts of
science. Fossil remains discovered in very ancient strata show that
the underground animal of present times does not differ from his
geological counterpart. The Mole belongs to a very peculiar type,
and has no nearer European relatives than the Hedgehog and the
Shrew. Can we imagine a common ancestor of Shrews, Hedgehogs, and
Moles? On this point Mr. Darwin expresses no opinion,--which should
not be, for when confronted by forms clearly differentiated, he is
wont to extricate himself from difficulties with matchless
facility. The intermediate links, he will say, were doubtless less
fitted to live than were the others, and so have disappeared. After
_that_ the Evolutionists consider any one quite out of date who
does not consider himself entirely satisfied with so felicitous an
explanation.
M. de Quatrefages denounces another fatal defect often observable in the
method of proof.
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