The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and BabyloniaPinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Religion
The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia
Pinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
This last text was found in the mound of Mugheir (Uriwa), and is of great
interest, as it is dedicated to Ninsaḫ, the great messenger of the gods,
and not to the god Sin or Nannara, the chief patron-deity of the city. It
has also an interesting reference to the vine of Êridu (see pp. 71 ff.),
and apparently to his capture of the city of Erech, delivered into his
hands by the gods Anu, Bêl, and Ea. That he should represent himself as
taking possession of the city by the will of Anu, the chief god of the
city, whose name he mentions before the other two divinities, sheds a
certain light upon the character of the man, whilst his military exploits,
both at home and in the west, must have made him, like Chedorlaomer his
fellow-countryman, and Ḫammurabi his rival, one of the heroes of his time.
There now remain to be treated of Chedorlaomer and Tidal, the remaining
two of the four allies who fought in that memorable conflict by the Dead
Sea to bring into subjection their revolted vassals.
From the time of their first discovery it has been felt that the
occurrence of names containing the element Kudur—Kudur-mabuk,
Kudur-Nanḫundi, Kudur-Naḫḫunte, etc.—was, in itself, excellent testimony
to the correctness of the narrative in the 14th chapter of Genesis, where
an Elamite king having _Chedor_ as the first element of his name, attacks
and conquers, in alliance with certain kings of Babylonia, five petty
rulers of a district on the shores of the Dead Sea. It was, however,
naturally a matter of disappointment that the name of Chedorlaomer himself
did not occur, for it was soon recognized that the identification, made by
Sir Henry Rawlinson, of Kudur-mabuk (read Kudur-mapula) with Chedorlaomer
could not be sustained. What was wanted, was some such name as
Kudur-Lagamar or Kudur-Lagamal, the second element having been recognized
in other texts as the name of the Elamite deity Lagamaru. It was to all
appearance thought to be probable that the name of Tidal would be found.
Accordingly, when two tablets were referred to at the Congress of
Orientalists held at Geneva in 1894 as containing the names Tudḫula,
Êri-Eaku (Êri-Ekua), and another name read doubtfully as Kudur-laḫ(gu)mal,
no publicly-expressed objection to their possible identification with
Tidal, Arioch, and Chedorlaomer was made. The names were placed before the
Semitic section of the Congress of Orientalists referred to, as recent
discoveries, which were certain as far as they went, their identification
being a matter of opinion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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